Browsing by Author "Yılmaz, Onurcan"
Now showing items 1-10 of 10
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Are we at all liberal at heart? High-powered tests find no effect of intuitive thinking on moral foundations
Authors:Yılmaz, Onurcan; İşler, Ozan; Doğruyol, Burak
Publisher and Date:(Academic Press Inc., 2021)Two opposing views define the debate on the moral principles underlying human behavior. One side argues a central role for five moral foundations (care, fairness, loyalty, authority, sanctity), while the other argues that two of these (care, fairness) capture the essence of human moral concerns. In an experiment comparing these two views, Wright and Baril (2011) found that conservatives under cognitive load devalue loyalty, authority and sanctity, and become more liberal. Their finding of common ...
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Cognitive styles and religion
I discuss recent research suggesting that individual differences in cognitive style give rise to and explain religious and related supernatural and paranormal beliefs. To do so, I illustrate intuitive cognitive biases (e.g., anthropomorphism) underlying these beliefs and then review the accumulated evidence indicating that non-believers are more open-minded, reflective, and less susceptible to holding epistemically suspect beliefs (e.g., conspiracy theories) on average than those who believe in ...
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Do changes in threat salience predict the moral content of sermons? The case of Friday Khutbas in Turkey
Authors:Alper, Sinan; Bayrak, Fatih; Us, Elif Öykü; Yilmaz, Onurcan
Publisher and Date:(Wiley, 2020)We analyzed the content of "Friday Khutbas" delivered in Turkish mosques between January 2001 and December 2018 to test the prediction of moral foundations theory (MFT) literature that threat salience would lead to an increased endorsement of binding moral foundations. As societal-level indicators of threat, we examined (a) historical data on the proportion of terrorism-related news published in a Turkish newspaper, (b) the geopolitical risk score of Turkey as measured by Geopolitical Risk Index, ...
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Does intuitive mindset influence belief in God? A registered replication of Shenhav, Rand and Greene (2012)
Authors:Sarıbay, S. Adil; Yılmaz, Onurcan; Körpe, Gülay Gözde
Publisher and Date:(SOC Judgment & Decision Making, 2020)In 2012, two independent groups simultaneously demonstrated that intuitive mindset enhances belief in God. However, there is now some mixed evidence on both the effectiveness of manipulations used in these studies and the effect of mindset manipulation on belief in God. Thus, this proposal attempted to replicate one of those experiments (Shenhav, Rand & Greene, 2012) for the first time in a high-powered experiment using an under-represented population (Turkey). In line with the intuitive belief ...
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The five-factor model of the moral foundations theory is stable across WEIRD and non-WEIRD cultures
Authors:Doğruyol, Burak; Alper, Sinan; Yılmaz, Onurcan
Publisher and Date:(Pergamon-Elsevıer Scıence Ltd, 2019)Although numerous models attempted to explain the nature of moral judgment, moral foundations theory (MFT) led to a paradigmatic change in this field by proposing pluralist "moralities" (care, fairness, loyalty, authority, sanctity). The five-factor structure of MFT is thought to be universal and rooted in the evolutionary past but the evidence is scarce regarding the stability of this five-factor structure across diverse cultures. We tested this universality argument in a cross-cultural dataset ...
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How is the Big Five related to moral and political convictions: The moderating role of the WEIRDness of the culture
There has been extensive research on how the Big Five personality traits are related to political orientation and endorsement of moral foundations. However, recent findings suggest that these relationships may not be cross-culturally stable. We argue that how much a culture is WEIRD (Western, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic) could moderate how the Big Five is related to political and moral convictions. In a sample of 7263 participants from 30 countries, our results showed that the ...
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Intuition and deliberation in morality and cooperation: An overview of the literature
This chapter focuses on a question that remains in relative neglect in the management literature-whether intuitions support ethical and cooperative behavior. It provides an overview of the literature and discuses the emerging picture on dual-process accounts of morality and cooperation. Despite the growing scholarship on the pros and cons of intuitive managerial decision-making, the literature understandably prioritizes the aspects of strategic business decisions and consequent corporate financial ...
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Psychological correlates of COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs and preventive measures: Evidence from Turkey
COVID-19 pandemic has led to popular conspiracy theories regarding its origins and widespread concern over the level of compliance with preventive measures. In the current preregistered research, we recruited 1088 Turkish participants and investigated (a) individual differences associated with COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs; (2) whether such conspiracy beliefs are related to the level of preventive measures; and (3) other individual differences that might be related to the preventive measures. Higher ...
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Reflection increases belief in God through self-questioning among non-believers
The dual-process model of the mind predicts that religious belief will be stronger for intuitive decisions, whereas reflective thinking will lead to religious disbelief (i.e., the intuitive religious belief hypothesis). While early research found intuition to promote and reflection to weaken belief in God, more recent attempts found no evidence for the intuitive religious belief hypothesis. Many of the previous studies are underpowered to detect small effects, and it is not clear whether the ...
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Rethinking the Golden Age of Social Psychology
It is tragic yet curious to realize that a historical period of great human misery can motivate great scientific endeavour. This paper argues that the "golden age" of social psychology was driven by the traumas of fascism. We first trace the roots of the World War II to modernism. We then compare the social psychological studies conducted before and after the World War II in relation to this historical background and the rationality-irrationality debate. Overall, we present a series of examples ...