This article traces the emergence of references to the Ottoman Empire in the discourse and practice of Turkish foreign policy since the late 1940s. It argues that present-day emphasis on the Ottoman Empire and its legacy in Turkey has not happened in a vacuum but rather has been a gradual process that has taken place over decades helping to justify Turkey's foreign policy. The article also shows that politicians from different sections of the political spectrum were crucial in reclaiming the Ottoman ...

States that have become the main actors of the international system after the Treaty of Westphalia; have seen cyberspace as a new field to carry out their traditional policies in addition to land, sea, air, and space. However, unlike other dimensions, since cyberspace is human-made and its design philosophy attaches importance to rapid and anonymous information sharing at low cost among parties rather than security; states face several non-traditional problems such as attribution problem, abundance ...

This paper aims to explain how crisis-ridden Greece defines and defends its national interest. The constellation of the twin economic and migration crises coupled with the increasingly transactional nature of the global order have forced Greece's hand in sticking to its guns with regard to its membership in both NATO and the European Union. While deterrence vis-a-vis Turkey remains a high priority Greece has had to labour to regain its status and credibility within both aforementioned organizations ...