Psikoloji / Psychology
Recent Submissions
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Psikoloji ve Açık Bilim
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Publisher and Date:(İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, 2022-06)Bu kitap yaklaşık son on yıldır var olan, üzerinde daha fazla düşünülerek evirilmiş ve gelişen teknolojinin desteğini de alarak daha önce var olmayan birçok imkân sunan açık bilim pratikleri üzerine yazılmıştır. Açık bilim ve pratikleri birçok araştırmacı tarafından bilinmemektedir ve tecrübeli araştırmacılara dahi yabancı bir kavram olabilmektedir. Açık bilim prensiplerini teorik olarak bilen ama nasıl uygulanacağı konusunda tereddütte olan araştırmacılar da vardır ki çok kısa bir geçmişi olan ...
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Intuitive and reflective foundations of free will and scientific determinism Özgür irade ve bilimsel belirlenimciliğin sezgisel ve bilişsel yansımayaya dayalı kökenleri
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Publisher and Date:(Kadir Has Üniversitesi, 2021)Özgür irade ve determinizme olan inancın sezgisel temellerini araştıran geçmiş literatürün aksine, bu çalışmada özgür irade ve belirlenimciliğe olan inancın, çift süreçli zihin modelini kullanarak ampirik olarak araştırılması hedeflenmiştir. Türk bir örneklem üzerinde, denekler arası (between-subject) bir deneysel tasarımla sezgilere dayanma ve bilişsel yansımaya dayanma manipüle edilerek, bunun özgür irade ve belirlenimciliğin Kabul edilmesi üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir. Deneyde katılımcılar ...
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How does moral framing affect environmental attitudes: A non-Western replication
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Publisher and Date:(Kadir Has Üniversitesi, 2021)Politik olarak sağ ve sol yönelimli bireylerin benimsediği ahlaki temeller farklılık göstermektedir. Bu farklılık, farklı politik görüşlerden insanların ayrıştığı konulardaki (örn. iklim değişikliği) tutum ve davranış değişikliklerinin araştırılmasında kullanılır. Ancak ahlaki tutumlar kuramının literatürdeki deneysel uygulamaları sınırlı olup, bu konulardaki çalışmalar çoğunlukla korelasyonel araştırmalardan oluşur. Ahlaki temeller, ahlaki çerçeveleme denilen teknikle, çeşitli mesajların ...
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Psycho-social factors involved in emerging adults' cigarette use: A mixed-method study / Beliren yetişkinlerin sigara kullanımındaki psiko-sosyal faktörler: Karma yöntemli bir çalışma
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Publisher and Date:(Kadir Has Üniversitesi, 2021)Bu tezin temel amacı, beliren yetişkinlik teorisi çerçevesinde üniversite öğrencilerinin sigara kullanımı etkileyen psiko-sosyal risk faktörlerinin (dürtüsellik, aidiyet duygusu, gelecek kaygısı, maneviyat ve kimlik gelişimi) araştırmaktır. Bu risk faktörleri, lojistik regresyon analizi ve k-ortalamalar kümeleme analizi kullanılarak araştırılmıştır. Daha sonra nitel araştırma yöntemleri kullanılarak detaylandırılmıştır. Nicel aşamada, 389 beliren yetişkin (%73.5, Yaş ortalama= 21.4, SS = 1.64) ...
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'Who wants left-wing policies? Economic preferences and political cleavages in Turkey'
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Publisher and Date:(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2020)We administer a survey of economic policy preferences to a representative sample of the Turkish voting-age population. We show that policy preferences are distributed in non-linear ways that are at odds with what could be expected from a conventional left-right division. We find that while objective socioeconomic differences are bad at predicting economic policy preferences, the latter are distinctly associated with politically salient cleavages built on religiosity and ethnicity. We also examine ...
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Activating reflective thinking with decision justification and debiasing training
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Publisher and Date:(Society for Judgment and Decision making, 2020)Manipulations for activating reflective thinking, although regularly used in the literature, have not previously been systematically compared. There are growing concerns about the effectiveness of these methods as well as increasing demand for them. Here, we study five promising reflection manipulations using an objective performance measure — the Cognitive Reflection Test 2 (CRT-2). In our large-scale preregistered online experiment (N = 1,748), we compared a passive and an active control condition ...
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Intuition and deliberation in morality and cooperation: An overview of the literature
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Publisher and Date:(CRC Press, 2019)This chapter focuses on a question that remains in relative neglect in the management literature-whether intuitions support ethical and cooperative behavior. It provides an overview of the literature and discuses the emerging picture on dual-process accounts of morality and cooperation. Despite the growing scholarship on the pros and cons of intuitive managerial decision-making, the literature understandably prioritizes the aspects of strategic business decisions and consequent corporate financial ...
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Positive Affect and School Related Outcomes: Feeling Good Facilitates School Engagement Among Turkish-Bulgarian Minority Adolescents
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Publisher and Date:(Springer-Verlag Berlin, 2017)Fredrickson's (Rev Gen Psychol 2: 300-319, 1998, Am Psychol 56: 218226, 2001) Broaden and Build Theory (BBT) proposes that experiencing positive affect results in broadened thoughts and behaviors, which facilitate adaptive responses to various environmental conditions. The present chapter tests the applicability of this theory for school engagement in an acculturation context and examines whether or to what extent positive affect also facilitates school engagement for 201 Turkish-Bulgarian adolescents ...
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Longitudinal effects of second language on first language narrative skills and executive functions of preschool children
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Publisher and Date:(Selcuk University, 2020)The present study investigated the longitudinal effects of early exposure to L2-English on L1-Turkish language competence, narrative skills and executive functioning. We asked whether early immersion-like exposure to L2, starting around 3 years of age, would have reflections on L1 competence, L1 narrative skills and gains in cognitive flexibility. Thirty 4-year-olds attending two types of preschools participated in the study: L1-preschools (N=12) with Turkish instruction and L2-preschools (N=18) ...
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Effects of second language on motion event lexicalization: Comparison of bilingual and monolingual children's frog story narratives
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Publisher and Date:(Selcuk University, 2020)This study investigates how children lexicalize motion event patterns in their first and second languages, L1-Turkish and L2-English. English is a satellite-framed language that conflates motion with manner expressed in the main verb and path in a non-verbal element, whereas Turkish is a verb-framed language that conflates motion with path in the main verb and expresses manner in a subordinated verb. We asked whether (1) learning a second language had an effect on children's event descriptions in ...
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Rethinking the Golden Age of Social Psychology
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Publisher and Date:(Istanbul Univ, 2019)It is tragic yet curious to realize that a historical period of great human misery can motivate great scientific endeavour. This paper argues that the "golden age" of social psychology was driven by the traumas of fascism. We first trace the roots of the World War II to modernism. We then compare the social psychological studies conducted before and after the World War II in relation to this historical background and the rationality-irrationality debate. Overall, we present a series of examples ...
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Comparison of Earliest and Later Autobiographical Memories in Young and Middle-Aged Adults
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Publisher and Date:(Istanbul Univ, 2019)The current study examined earliest memories of young and middle-aged adults in comparison to a recent autobiographical memory and a free-report one from any life phase. These three types of memories were compared in terms of their memory characteristics such as vividness, emotionality. importance, confidence, and rehearsal frequency. A total of 319 young (18-30 years) and 112 middle-aged (40-65 years) adults completed the online survey. Results showed that earliest memories were rated either ...
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Effects of Second Language Acquisition on Narrative Structure and Linguistic Processes in Preschool and School-Aged Children
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Publisher and Date:(Istanbul Univ, 2019)This research examines the effects of second language acquisition in early childhood on the structural and linguistic properties of narrative skills in the child's native language. To investigate these questions, narrative and vocabulary skills in monolingual and bilingual children (Frog story) were evaluated. One hundred and twelve five- and seven-year-old monolingual (Language 1 [L1]: Mother tongue, Turkish) (N = 61) and bilingual (L1, Turkish; Language 2 [L2]: Second language, English) (N = 51) ...
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Theory of Planned Behavior: Physical Activity Predictors Among Turkish University Students
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Publisher and Date:(Human Kinetics Publ Inc, 2019)
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Do changes in threat salience predict the moral content of sermons? The case of Friday Khutbas in Turkey
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Publisher and Date:(Wiley, 2020)We analyzed the content of "Friday Khutbas" delivered in Turkish mosques between January 2001 and December 2018 to test the prediction of moral foundations theory (MFT) literature that threat salience would lead to an increased endorsement of binding moral foundations. As societal-level indicators of threat, we examined (a) historical data on the proportion of terrorism-related news published in a Turkish newspaper, (b) the geopolitical risk score of Turkey as measured by Geopolitical Risk Index, ...
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Early Event Understanding Predicts Later Verb Comprehension and Motion Event Lexicalization
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Publisher and Date:(Amer Psychologıcal Assoc, 2019)Before infants produce words, they can discriminate changes in motion event components such as manner (how an action is performed) and path (trajectory of an action). Individual differences in nonlinguistic event categorization are related to children's later verb comprehension (Konishi, Stahl, Golinkoff, & Hirsh-Pasek, 2016). We asked: (a) Do infants learning Turkish, a verb-framed language, attend to both manner and path changes in motion events? (b) Is early detection of path and manner related ...
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The acquisition and use of relative clauses in Turkish-learning children's conversational interactions: a cross-linguistic approach
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Publisher and Date:(Cambrıdge Univ Press, 2019)Using a cross-linguistic approach, we investigated Turkish-speaking children's acquisition and use of relative clauses (RCs) by examining longitudinal child-caregiver interactions and cross-sectional peer conversations. Longitudinal data were collected from 8 children between the ages of 8 and 36 months. Peer conversational corpus came from 78 children aged between 43 and 64 months. Children produced RCs later than in English (Diessel, 2004) and Mandarin (Chen & Shirai, 2015), and demonstrated ...
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The five-factor model of the moral foundations theory is stable across WEIRD and non-WEIRD cultures
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Publisher and Date:(Pergamon-Elsevıer Scıence Ltd, 2019)Although numerous models attempted to explain the nature of moral judgment, moral foundations theory (MFT) led to a paradigmatic change in this field by proposing pluralist "moralities" (care, fairness, loyalty, authority, sanctity). The five-factor structure of MFT is thought to be universal and rooted in the evolutionary past but the evidence is scarce regarding the stability of this five-factor structure across diverse cultures. We tested this universality argument in a cross-cultural dataset ...
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Are we at all liberal at heart? High-powered tests find no effect of intuitive thinking on moral foundations
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Publisher and Date:(Academic Press Inc., 2021)Two opposing views define the debate on the moral principles underlying human behavior. One side argues a central role for five moral foundations (care, fairness, loyalty, authority, sanctity), while the other argues that two of these (care, fairness) capture the essence of human moral concerns. In an experiment comparing these two views, Wright and Baril (2011) found that conservatives under cognitive load devalue loyalty, authority and sanctity, and become more liberal. Their finding of common ...
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Cognitive styles and religion
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Publisher and Date:(Elsevier B.V., 2021)I discuss recent research suggesting that individual differences in cognitive style give rise to and explain religious and related supernatural and paranormal beliefs. To do so, I illustrate intuitive cognitive biases (e.g., anthropomorphism) underlying these beliefs and then review the accumulated evidence indicating that non-believers are more open-minded, reflective, and less susceptible to holding epistemically suspect beliefs (e.g., conspiracy theories) on average than those who believe in ...
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