Large eddy simulation (LES) is used to investigate the structure of the laminar horseshoe vortex (HV) system and the dynamics of the necklace vortices as they fold around the base of a circular cylinder mounted on the flat bed of an open channel for Reynolds numbers defined with the cylinder diameter D smaller than 4460. The study concentrates on the analysis of the structure of the HV system in the periodic breakaway sub-regime which is characterized by the formation of three main necklace vortices. ...

Kappa (-kappa) carrageenan gels prepared with various carrageenan concentrations in pure water were completely dried and then swelled in water vapor. Steady state fluorescence measurements were performed using a spectrometer equipped with temperature controller. Pyranine was embedded in kappa-carrageenan gels as a fluorescence probe during gel preparation. The fluorescence intensity I increased exponentially as swelling time is increased for all gel samples. The increase in I was modelled using ...

Several areas of applications such as model order reduction preconditioner design and eigenvalue problems for spectral projectors can be found in the literature. In this paper a fast and sparsity preserving approach for computing the spectral projectors is proposed. The suggested approach can be used in both Newton iteration and integral representation based methods. A comparison of the original and the suggested approaches in terms of computation time sparsity preservation and accuracy is presented ...