In this paper we propose a generalized light emitting diode (LED) index modulation scheme for multiple input multiple output-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) visible light communications (VLC) systems. The proposed scheme generalizes the LED index modulation concept by using the spatial multiplexing principle to transmit complex OFDM signals through VLC channels by separating these signals into their real-imaginary and positive-negative parts. The maximum a posteriori (MAP) ...

The growth and shape stability of bi-metallic cubic Cu-Ni nanoparticles are studied using atomic-level simulations. Cubic nano-crystals coated with an ultra-thin Cu layer can be readily obtained when Ni cubic nanoparticles are used as the seeds. At elevated temperatures the Cu seed with extending Ni branches preserves its shape compared to the Ni seed with extending Cu branches.

In this paper an algorithm based on the real frequency technique (RFT) is proposed to design high-pass and low-pass sections of a 0 degrees-360 degrees wide range lumped-element phase shifter. The switching process however is not considered in this work. In the algorithm it is enough to define the section type (high-pass or low-pass) and the number of elements in the sections there is no need to select the exact circuit topologies for the high-pass and low-pass sections. This is a natural consequence ...

Multivariate time-series data with a contextual spatial attribute have extensive use for finding anomalous patterns in a wide variety of application domains such as earth science, hurricane tracking, fraud, and disease outbreak detection. In most settings, spatial context is often expressed in terms of ZIP code or region coordinates such as latitude and longitude. However, traditional anomaly detection techniques cannot handle more than one contextual attribute in a unified way. In this paper, a ...

In this paper, we consider a molecular communication link integrated in a micro-electro mechanical system (MEMS) based environment. We apply acoustic tweezing techniques to the molecular communication system to increase communication reliability. We use finite element methods to simulate this hybrid system. By deriving the symbol error rate as the performance metric, we show that the proposed system facilitates reliable communication in the presence of fluid flow and its performance is robust ...

Peaceful coexistence is a major implementation issue for both cognitive radios and ultra wideband (UWB) systems. Accordingly the UWB impulse radio (UWB-IR) based Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN) standard IEEE 802.15.4a has suggested using linear combination of pulses to limit interference to coexisting primary systems. In this paper motivated by implementing the IEEE 802.15.4a based UWB-IR systems for peaceful coexistence we consider the implementation of linear combination of pulses as ...

In this study the authors investigate the information theoretical limits on the performance of single-carrier cooperative underwater acoustic communication systems in the presence of intersymbol interference. The authors assume decode-and-forward relaying and consider orthogonal half-duplex cooperation. Under the assumptions of sparse and frequency-selective Rician fading channel and non-white correlated Gaussian ambient noise the authors derive expressions for bounds on the individual and achievable ...

A combination of space-time block coding and spatial modulation (STBC-SM) has been recently proposed for multiple input-multiple output systems to obtain both spatial diversity gain and more capacity simultaneously while assuming the perfect channel state information (P-CSI) was available at the receiver. However in practical scenarios the CSI is unknown to the receiver and should be estimated in order to detect the transmitted data in a reliable way. Therefore channel estimation (CE) is a major ...

Spatial Modulation (SM) based on the use of antenna indices to transmit information in addition to the conventional signal constellations has been recently proposed to solve practical problems encountered in MIMO systems. In the literature estimation of CSI for SM systems is simply investigated by RLS for slow fading channels. However iterative receivers that offer significant performance gains over a non- iterative when the total number of pilot is not sufficient and the channel is fast fading ...

In this work maximum likelihood (ML) channel estimation for uplink multicarrier code-division multiple-access (MC-CDMA) systems is considered in the presence of frequency fading channel. The expectation-maximization (EM)- and a space-alternating generalized expectation-maximization (SAGE) algorithm are introduced to avoid matrix inversion for the ML channel estimation problem. We compare the both algorithms in terms of the number of used iteration and show that the proposed algorithms converge the ...