1980 sonrasi gelismekte olan ulkelerde yasanan finansal krizler finansal kriz modelleri ve cozum onerileri

Abstract

İkinci Dunya Savasi sonrasindaki soguk savas sureci kucuk olcekli ulkelerin guvenlik kaygilarinin arttigi ve ekonomik kalkinmayi isbirliklerinde aradiklari donem olmustur. Bu sureci teknoloji ile iletisim bilimlerinin gelismesiyle finansal serbestlesme ve entegrasyon hareketleri izlemistir. Bu surecin son halkasi olan kuresellesme olgusu ile tum dunya ulkeleri birbirine bagimli hale gelmistir. Kuresellesmenin ulkeler acisindan onemli kazanimlar sagladigi kadar degisik kayiplara da neden oldugu gorulmustur. Kuresellesme ozellikle gelismekte olan ulkelerde yasanan finansal krizlerin temel sebeplerinden birisidir.

The process of cold war after the Second World War has been the period that the small-scaled countries' security anxiety went up and looked for the economic improvement in their collaboration. Financial liberation and integration movements,by the help of the developed technology and communication sciences,followed this process.Because of the globalisation fact,the last ring of this process,all the countries of the world became dependent upon each other. It was seen that globalisation caused different loses as much as the important acquirements it provided for the countries.Globalisation is one of the main reasons of the financial crises occuring especially in the developing countries.The wrong perceivment of globalisation of the crises living countries,instead of solving their problems in macro economic dimensions, their efforts to delay the problems by means of the opportunities and facilities provided by the globalisation, made up a basement for these countries to live a financial crises in the progressive period.The frequent occurance of the financial crises until 1980s gave way to researchers to condense on the subjects about the reasons of the crises and the prevention of the crises by the early warning systems.The financial crises occured in this process, 1982 Latin America,1994 Mexico, 1995 Argentina,1997 Asia-5 countries,1998 Russia,1999 Brasil were examined in our thesis. It was understood that excessive dept accumulation,chronic budget deficit, current transaction deficit,exchange regime,economic uncertainty,dissolution in the bank balance,deposit assurance,the increase in the interest rates,high infilation and the problems occured in the inspection, lie beneath the crises. Turkey ,by adopting an extrovert economy model because of the decisions of the 24th of January,1980, lived the same problems mentioned above and exposed to the description of "crises country". In our thesis, it was tried to make an analysis of the financial crises occured in Turkey by examining them in the perspective of causality relation. In the last section,however,it was focused on how the financial crises affect people's lives .It was tried to explain what the countries should do in order not to live a financial crises and to have a strong economy.