Browsing by Author "Majeed, Mohsina"

Now showing 1 - 1 of 1

Potential and Status of Renewable Energy Development in Energy Import-Dependent Countries Turkey and Pakistan
(Kadir Has Üniversitesi, 2021) Majeed, Mohsina; Kirkil, Gökhan; Ediger, Şevket Volkan; Kirkil, Gökhan
Human life cannot be imagined without the use of energy. Demand for energy, meanwhile, is increasing daily across the globe, while the uses and sources of energy have changed over time. Fossil fuels have dominated other energy sources since the 19th century but began causing problems such as climate change. In order to address these problems, renewable energy sources (RES) were accepted as an alternative energy sources in recent years and technical and economic developments make possible the energy transition from fossil fuels to renewables at an accelerated rate. Turkey and Pakistan are both developing countries with large populations and high levels of energy-import dependency, 77% and 80%, respectively. At the same time, Turkey and Pakistan both have enormous potential for RE such as solar, wind, hydro, biomass and geothermal, according to the validated RE-potential maps of these countries. Turkey and Pakistan are realizing renewable energy transition and seeking to shape their current energy structure in the favor of RES. The factors affecting RED in Turkey and Pakistan are enormous RE potential, supportive RE policies by government and energy security issues. There are some political, economic, technical and social problems for RED in Turkey and Pakistan that include lack of proper RE policies, extended and time-consuming governmental procedures, the lack of domestic production of goods, and other financing problems for RE projects. If proper policy support and efficient investment become available, RES can provide enough power to fulfill the country's energy demand and bring prosperity and sustainability to both countries. Current RED in these countries is not sufficient for complete energy transition from fossil fuels to renewables. However, RE potential in these countries is enough for complete energy transition. According to SWOT analysis Pakistan's RE sector has various investment opportunities for Turkish investors. It has a validated RE source mapping system and untapped highly potential solar and windy areas. Mini-hydro plants is also a successful RE business model in Pakistan. The government of Pakistan is also offering various incentives for RE investors. Keywords: Renewable energy transition, sustainability, solar, wind, fossil fuel