Psikoloji Bölümü Koleksiyonu

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12469/60

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Citation - WoS: 1
Toplumsal Olaylara Dair Episodik ve Semantik Bellek Süreçlerinin Heyecanlanma Düzeyi ile İlişkisinin Yaş ve Heyecanın Ölçüm Türü Açısından İncelenmesi
(Istanbul Univ, 2020) Ece, Berivan; Öner, Sezin; Gulgoz, Sami
The major aims of the study were to investigate (1) the potential differences in arousal levels for episodic (EM) and semantic memory (SM) processes regarding public events and the comparison of these differences for different age groups, (2) the consistency of self-report versus objective measures of arousal, and (3) phenomenological characteristics of the events as function of memory type and arousal level. The sample consisted of 32 young adults whose ages ranged between 18 and 25 years (M = 20.60, SD = 2.22), 33 middle-aged adults aged between 40 and 55 years (M = 47.32, SD = 6.60), and 30 elderly people aged between 60 and 75 years (M = 69.97, SD = 6.16). Participants were asked to make a remember/know judgment for the 10 public events presented to them. They further answered event-related questions (SM) and questions regarding the context of hearing about the event (EM). Moreover, they reported their arousal level during recall and evaluated each event in terms of phenomenological characteristics such as importance, emotional intensity, and valence. Arousal level was also measured using physiological measurements with the GSR device. Based on self-reports, EM processes were associated with higher arousal levels compared to SM processes whereas the five physiological indicators of arousal displayed different patterns. Both EM and SM performance displayed an increase together with the increasing arousal levels, and young participants displayed higher levels of arousal and faster physiological responses than both middle-aged and elderly adults. When phenomenological characteristics were examined, remembered public events were rated more important, emotionally more intense and more negative than known events. Furthermore, higher arousal levels were associated with higher ratings of emotional intensity, importance and negativity. The reliability of self-reports and the critical role of applying objective measures were discussed together with the findings. Finally, some suggestions were proposed for future research on the basis of the current limitations and results.
Citation - WoS: 1
Personal and Familial Predictors of Depressive Feelings in People With Orthopedic Disability
(Termedia Publishing House, 2017) Secinti, Ekin; Selcuk, Bilge; Harma, Mehmet
BACKGROUND People with orthopedic disability experience limitations in physical ability which can cause psychological problems such as depressive feelings. This paper investigates the role of family environment caregiver characteristics and personal resources in the acceptance of disability and depressive feelings of persons with orthopedic disability. PARTICIPANTS AND PROCEDURE Data were collected from 161 Turkish people with orthopedic disability (mean age = 35.60 years SD = 10.18) and their family caregivers (e.g. parent spouse). The participants with disability completed scales for functional independence acceptance of disability family environment locus of control learned resourcefulness and depression. The family caregivers completed measures of social support their own depression burden of caregiving and acceptance-rejection of their care recipient. RESULTS Analyses via multivariate statistics and SEM showed that depressive feelings of individuals with orthopedic disability and their acceptance of the disability were predicted by multiple factors including the affected persons' learned resourcefulness and locus of control family environment and interactions with their family caregiver but not by their functional independence. CONCLUSIONS Overall a supportive family environment and acceptance of disability appear to lower the risk of having depression for individuals with orthopedic disability. Family caregivers' attitudes towards their care recipients were related to the family environment and feelings of burden appeared to impair the affected individuals' acceptance of their condition.
Citation - Scopus: 1
Remembering Successes and Failures: Rehearsal Characteristics Influence Recollection and Distancing
(Routledge Journals Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2018) Öner, Sezin; Gulgoz, Sami
We investigated the relationship between components of rumination brooding and reflection and autobiographical remembering by testing whether voluntary and involuntary rehearsal mediated rumination-related variation in the sensory-affective and metacognitive features of memory experience. We focused on achievement and failure memories as both are goal-related events yet they represent distinct experiences in terms of valence and functionality. For failure memories brooding was associated with intense recollection and reduced psychological distance. Brooding was related to enhanced distance of achievements indicating the disruptive effects of brooding on remembering. Although reflection attenuated the recollective experience for both achievement and failure memories it brought achievement memories to a subjective closer past. Structural equation modelling demonstrated the mediating role of involuntary remembering on the pattern of remembering experience.
Citation - WoS: 3
Citation - Scopus: 3
Beliefs of Living Donors About Recipients' End-Stage Liver Failure and Surgery for Organ Donation
(Elsevier Science Inc, 2017) Krespi-Boothby, Margörit Rita; Tankurt, A.; Acarli, Koray; Kanmaz, Turan; Yankol, Yucel; Kalayoğlu, Murat
Background. The concept of beliefs could provide a basis for how donors may perceive recipients' end-stage liver failure (ESLF) and surgery for organ donation. However there is no such quantitative study. Therefore the objective of this study was to explore beliefs of living donors about recipients' ESLF and surgery for organ donation. Methods. The sample comprised 16 living donors who donated a part of their liver to a patient who had ESLF. The data were analyzed by following established procedures for inductive qualitative analysis. Results. Analysis showed that donors' beliefs can be viewed in a number of groups. Beliefs about recipients' ESLF included diverse explanations for ESLF (blaming oneself and physicians) and physical symptoms (developmental slowing down). Beliefs about being a donor included reasons for being a donor (performing a good deed being healed) barriers to being a donor (other people being ignorant and selfish) ways to manage these barriers (following one's gut feeling) and factors facilitating being a donor (the feeling that one does not have many people to leave behind). Beliefs about surgery for organ donation included physical effects (pain feeling stiff). Beliefs about organ donation included views that general organ donation should be encouraged and that people's awareness should be raised. Conclusions. Existing psychological perspectives could help to interpret some beliefs. Nevertheless other beliefs not previously reported could be considered as targets for individual consultations/psycho-educational programs for fostering emotional well-being.
Citation - WoS: 5
Negative Life Events Behavior Problems and Self-Regulation of Adolescents From Low Socio-Economic Status
(Turkish Psychologists Assoc, 2017) Metin, Güntülü Tercanli; Harma, Mehmet; Gökçay, Gülbin; Bahçıvan-Saydam, Reyhan
The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between negative life events and emotional-behavioral problems among adolescents from low SES and the mediator role of self-regulation (SR) in this relationship. The study consisted of a sample of 358 7th and 8th grade-students living in Esenler neighborhood Istanbul. Students were asked to complete a series of questionnaires including Demographic Information Form Life Events Checklist Self-Regulation Inventory and Youth Self Report (YSR). Path Analysis was run to examine the associations between negative life events and internalizing-externalizing problems via self-regulation. Stability of these relationships across gender was also examined by multiple-group path analysis. Results showed that negative life events predicted both internalizing and externalizing problems directly and indirectly via self-regulation. As the number of negative life events increased the level of self-regulation skills deteriorated in turn it predicted internalizing and externalizing problems. Negative life events more strongly predicted internalizing problems than externalizing problems whereas self-regulation more strongly predicted externalizing problems than internalizing problems. Besides the relationship between negative life events and emotional-behavioral problems and the mediator role of self-regulation in the link between negative life events and problem behaviors did not change across gender. These findings were discussed in relation to the relevant literature focusing on the indicators and outcomes of self-regulation skills among adolescents.
Citation - WoS: 1
Effects of Second Language Acquisition on Narrative Structure and Linguistic Processes in Preschool and School-Aged Children
(İstanbul Üniversitesi, 2019) Aktan-Erciyes, Aslı
This research examines the effects of second language acquisition in early childhood on the structural and linguistic properties of narrative skills in the child's native language. To investigate these questions, narrative and vocabulary skills in monolingual and bilingual children (Frog story) were evaluated. One hundred and twelve five- and seven-year-old monolingual (Language 1 [L1]: Mother tongue, Turkish) (N = 61) and bilingual (L1, Turkish; Language 2 [L2]: Second language, English) (N = 51) children participated in the study. Narrative skills were evaluated only for Turkish for monolingual children, whereas bilingual children were tested in English as well, the latter test taking place on a separate day. For the structural evaluation of narrative discourse, a schema is used to evaluate the narrative skills of bilingual children. The elements in the schema are: Frog story elements, sequence, perspective / emotion and affect, and finally engagement. In order to evaluate the linguistic complexity simple and complex clauses were coded. The percentage of complex clauses with respect to total clauses was used as an indication of linguistic complexity. There were two age groups in the monolingual and bilingual groups. The findings revealed that in L1: Turkish, bilingual and monolingual children differed for narrative structure components regardless of age group. Monolinguals outperformed their bilingual peers for frog story elements, sequence, perspective affect, and engagement. Age differences indicated that for five-year-olds there were no differences between monolinguals and bilinguals for perspective affect and engagement which were difficult skills to display at that age. Monolingual children were better at incorporating more complex structures into their narratives compared to bilinguals. It was found that bilingual and monolingual children did not differ in L1 vocabulary skills. The results showed that early exposure to L2 might result in negative outcomes for L1 narrative development.
Citation - WoS: 6
Citation - Scopus: 9
Psychosocial Interventions To Improve Outcomes Among Dialysis Patients
(Wiley, 2018) Krespi-Boothby, Margörit Rita
Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) report high levels of emotional problems and poor compliance with treatment and quality of life. Nevertheless there are not many studies which examine the effectiveness of different psychosocial interventions in ameliorating these poor outcomes. Theories have been helpful in identifying targets for interventions to improve compliance with treatment adjustment and quality of life. However their effects have been mixed. In particular interventions incorporating beliefs are promising in improving these outcomes. Moreover relaxation and imagery techniques have reduced symptoms and have been effective improving adjustment and compliance. Future randomized controlled studies are needed to compare the effects of theory-based and patient-derived interventions on compliance with treatment and adjustment.
Citation - WoS: 3
Comparison of Earliest and Later Autobiographical Memories in Young and Middle-Aged Adults
(Istanbul Univ, 2019) Ece, Berivan; Demiray, Burcu; Öner, Sezin; Gülgöz, Sami
The current study examined earliest memories of young and middle-aged adults in comparison to a recent autobiographical memory and a free-report one from any life phase. These three types of memories were compared in terms of their memory characteristics such as vividness, emotionality. importance, confidence, and rehearsal frequency. A total of 319 young (18-30 years) and 112 middle-aged (40-65 years) adults completed the online survey. Results showed that earliest memories were rated either similar to or lower than later memories in their memory characteristics. More specifically. they received lower ratings than free-report memories in all memory characteristics whereas they did not significantly differ from recent memories only in importance and emotionality. In addition, free-report memories were highest in emotionality, importance and rehearsal frequency whereas recent memories were highest in vividness and confidence ratings. Compared to young adults, middle-aged adults provided higher ratings for all memory characteristics in general, and they further recalled earliest memories from an older age. Finally, the order of reporting the three types of memories (earliest memory first versus recent memory first) was examined with respect to its potential influence on memory characteristics and dating of the recalled memories. Results displayed no significant effect of the reporting order on memory characteristics. Dating of the earliest and free-report memories, however, was significantly affected by the reporting order. The mean age for earliest memories was higher when it was retrieved following the recent memory compared to the reporting order in which earliest memories are retrieved and reported first. Overall, results indicated that earliest memories arc not particularly special compared to later memories (e.g.. free-report memories) in terms of their memory characteristics, and they are vulnerable to experimental manipulation such as changing the reporting order just like other types of autobiographical memories.
Shift in Paradigm: Understanding Adjustment of Dialysis Patients
(Cumhuriyet Univ Tip Fak Psikiyatri Anabilim Dali, 2017) Krespi-Boothby, Margörit Rita
End stage renal failure (ESRF) and its treatment can lead to adjustment difficulties. However the extent of these difficulties is not known. Adjustment is a complex and multidimensional construct. In general beliefs about illness and its treatment influence adjustment but the findings are inconsistent. This is probably because adjustment and beliefs have been defined in a variety of ways based on professional or theoretical views. One possible way of establishing a standard approach to defining adjustment and beliefs is to be guided by patients' own views. Qualitative studies identify ways of evaluation of life and beliefs about ESRF and its treatment that have not been identified by quantitative studies. These findings can be considered as patient-derived targets for psychoeducational programs or clinical practice for ESRF patients. However qualitative research cannot provide evidence about the frequency of patients' beliefs and ways of evaluation of life. Therefore questionnaires have been developed on the basis of qualitative findings. These helped to examine the utility of the findings for clinical practice and understand the relationship of quality of life with beliefs. More research is needed to investigate how the findings on these questionnaires converge and diverge with those on existing generic and/or ESRF specific quality of life and beliefs measures.
Citation - WoS: 4
Citation - Scopus: 5
Liver Transplantation: Recipients’ Evaluation of Life From the Perspective of Living Donors
(Elsevier Science Inc, 2016) Tankurt, Aslı; Krespi-Boothby, Margörit Rita; Acarlı, Koray; Kalayoğlu, Mü nci; Kanmaz, Turan; Yankol, Yucel
Aim. Liver transplantation affects not only recipients and living donors' lives but also the nature and quality of their relationship. Moreover the ways in which recipients of liver transplant experience life and views of living donors on how recipients experience life may differ. These differences may account for relational changes. It is also important to understand how recipients and their living donors' views differ if the aim is to devise psychoeducational programs for recipients and living donors. Therefore the present study examined the recipients' experience of life after a diagnosis of end-stage liver failure (ESLF) and transplantation surgery from donors' perspective. Methods. The sample consisted of 16 living donors who donated a part of their liver to a patient with ESLF. Thematic analysis was undertaken in parallel with interviews during which an interview guide was followed. Findings. Donors felt that recipients evaluated life after the diagnosis of ESLF and transplantation surgery in terms of limitations mixed relationships emotional changes and improvement in life. Conclusion. Experience of social limitations negative emotions and the feeling that one is supported by others could be interpreted in terms of existing psychological theory. Some ways of adjusting that have not been reported before within the context of ESLF extended the literature. These included others being frightened of being infected by ESLF and being insensitive experience of positive emotions and ways of improving. Overall compared with findings of previous qualitative work among recipients our findings suggest that donors' evaluation of recipients' lives converge with that of recipients.
Rethinking the Golden Age of Social Psychology
(Istanbul Univ, 2019) Yılmaz, Onurcan; Bahçekapılı, Hasan G.
It is tragic yet curious to realize that a historical period of great human misery can motivate great scientific endeavour. This paper argues that the "golden age" of social psychology was driven by the traumas of fascism. We first trace the roots of the World War II to modernism. We then compare the social psychological studies conducted before and after the World War II in relation to this historical background and the rationality-irrationality debate. Overall, we present a series of examples which purport to show that the "golden age" of social psychology emerged as a response to humans' violation of different rationality norms. We conclude with a set of proposals for the amelioration of irrationality derived again from social psychological studies.
Citation - WoS: 18
Citation - Scopus: 16
Neural Substrates of Cognitive Emotion Regulation: a Brief Review
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2018) Öner, Sezin
The current paper aims to review the recent evidence on the neural correlates of emotion regulation. The review is organized into two main sections. First cognitive models that neuroimaging research is based on are introduced with a specific emphasis on the process-specific explanations of emotion regulation. In the second section neuroimaging research is discussed in line with the evidence from human and nonhuman animals. Existing evidence suggests that regulation of emotions may be achieved either by bottom-up subcortical or top-down frontal mechanisms. The former way acts on the initial phases of emotion generation whereas the latter appears to influence the higher-order structures for cognitive change and modulation of emotional responses. Although there is still an ongoing debate on when the generation stops and regulation starts on the emotion process with respect to neural mechanisms underlying regulatory strategies appear to be more consistent. Potential questions are also addressed for future research to contribute to especially the individual differences adaptive emotion regulation.

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