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Article Citation - WoS: 7Citation - Scopus: 11A 1-kW wireless power transfer system for electric vehicle charging with hexagonal flat spiral coil(Tubitak Scientific & Technical Research Council Turkey, 2021) Aydin, Emrullah; AydemIr, M. TimurWireless power transfer (WPT) technology is getting more attention in these days as a clean, safe, and easy alternative to charging batteries in several power levels. Different coil types and system structures have been proposed in the literature. Hexagonal coils, which have a common usage for low power applications, have not been well studied for high and mid power applications such as in electric vehicle (EV) battery charging. In order to fill this knowledge gap, the self and mutual inductance equations of a hexagonal coil are obtained, and these equations have been used to design a 1 kW WPT system with hexagonal coils for a mid-power stage EV charging. The theoretical and simulation results have been validated with an implementation in the laboratory and a DC-to-DC power efficiency of 85% is achieved across a 10 cm air gap between the perfect aligned coils. The misalignment performance of the system was observed for different positioning of the secondary coil, and the output power variation is given. In addition, the effect of shielding on magnetic field exposition of a driver sitting in an EV was obtained, and these simulation results were compared in order to check the compliance with international health standards.Note 2nd tourism and hospitality networking conference | RESNET’22(Routledge, 2023) Serra, J.[No abstract available]Article 3d Self-Assemble Formation of Molybdenum Disulfide $(mos_2 )-Doped$ Polyacrylamide (paam) Composite Hydrogels(2022) Durmaz, Sümeyye; Yıldız, Ekrem; Uysal, Bengü Özuğur; Pekcan, ÖnderPolyacrylamide (PAAm), a renowned member of the hydrogel class, has many uses throughout a wide range of industrial processes, including water absorbed diapers, contact lenses, wastewater treatment, biomedical applications such as drug delivery vehicles and tissue engineering because of its physical stability, durability, flexibility easier shaping, and so on. PAAm also provides new functionalities after the incorporation of inorganic structures such as molybdenum disulfide $(MoS_2 )$. During the copolymerization process, the transmittance of all samples reduced significantly after a particular time, referred to as the gel point. Microgels form a tree above the gel point as projected by Flory-Stockmayer classical theory. Because of microgels positioned at the junction points of the Cayley tree, the addition of $MoS_2$ results in strong intramolecular crosslinking and looser composites. Moreover, fractal geometry provides a quantitative measure of randomness and thus permits characterization of random systems such as polymers. Fractal dimension of these polymer composites is calculated from power-law-dependent scattered intensity. It was also confirmed that a hydrogel rapidly formed within a few seconds, indicating a 3D network formation inside the gel. These materials may have a great potential for application in wearable and implantable electronics due to this highly desired 3D self-assemble feature.Article Citation - WoS: 2Citation - Scopus: 13D self-assemble formation of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2)-doped polyacrylamide (PAAm) composite hydrogels(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2022) Durmaz, Sumeyye; Yildiz, Ekrem; Uysal, Bengu Ozugur; Pekcan, OnderPolyacrylamide (PAAm), a renowned member of the hydrogel class, has many uses throughout a wide range of industrial processes, including water absorbed diapers, contact lenses, wastewater treatment, biomedical applications such as drug delivery vehicles and tissue engineering because of its physical stability, durability, flexibility easier shaping, and so on. PAAm also provides new functionalities after the incorporation of inorganic structures such as molybdenum disulfide (MoS2). During the copolymerization process, the transmittance of all samples reduced significantly after a particular time, referred to as the gel point. Microgels form a tree above the gel point as projected by Flory-Stockmayer classical theory. Because of microgels positioned at the junction points of the Cayley tree, the addition of MoS2 results in strong intramolecular crosslinking and looser composites. Moreover, fractal geometry provides a quantitative measure of randomness and thus permits characterization of random systems such as polymers. Fractal dimension of these polymer composites is calculated from power-law-dependent scattered intensity. It was also confirmed that a hydrogel rapidly formed within a few seconds, indicating a 3D network formation inside the gel. These materials may have a great potential for application in wearable and implantable electronics due to this highly desired 3D self-assemble feature.Article Citation - WoS: 2Citation - Scopus: 33d-Printed Actuator-Based Beam-Steering Approach for Improved Physical Layer Security in Visible Light Communication(Optica Publishing Group, 2022) Erdem, Mehmet Can; Gurcuoglu, Oguz; Panayırcı, Erdal; Kurt, Gunes Karabulut; Ferhanoglu, OnurIn this study, we present the design, manufacture, and implementation of a 3D-printed lens scanner-based beam steering for use in visible light communication (VLC) applications. The 5 cm x 5 cm scanner is designed for low-cost 3D printing with fused deposition modeling using polylactic acid. Scanning is facilitated through electromagnetic actuation of the lens frame, carrying a conventional 25 mm lens, from two nearly orthogonal directions. The serpentine spring that connects the lens frame to the external frame is tailored to offer similar spring constants in the directions of actuation and has minimal (<1.5 mm) sag due to the mass of the lens. The manufactured actuator was integrated on a miniaturized VLC test bed (70 cm x 40 cm x 40 cm). Using the test bed, we characterized the applied voltage versus beam displacement behavior of the actuator in the lateral plane and demonstrated beam steering on amoving target with face-recognition feedback. The proposed scheme was targeted to offer an improved security measure in VLC through tracking the legitimate receiver (i.e., via face recognition) and uses the feedback to steer the focused light onto the targeted device. The joint use of focusing and steering features allows for the legitimate receiver to roam within the room while enjoying the improved secrecy due to the focused light. We calculate the secrecy capacity for the demonstrated approach, which compares favorably with a number of jamming, spatial modulation, and beam-forming counterparts. The presented actuator can be used with larger room dimensions, yet upscaling to larger illumination units will require the use of a lens having smaller focus to address a larger total steering angle. (C) 2022 Optica Publishing GroupArticle Abd’nin Levant Hengamesinde Süreklenen Politikaları(2018) Görmüş, Evrim; Özel, SoliLevant bölgesi, İkinci Dünya Savaşı’ndan bu yana ABD dış politikasının öncelikli çıkar alanlarından birini oluşturmaktadır. Bu makalenin amacı, ABD’nin, bilhassa da son iki Amerikan yönetiminin, Levant’a yönelik politikalarını açıklığa kavuşturmayı, bölgede ve Amerikan siyasetindeki değişimlerin Washington’un Levant’a yönelik politikasının nasıl yanlı, zaman zaman beceriksiz ve daha da önemlisi tutarsız görünmesine neden olduğunu anlamayı hedeflemektedir. Makale, bir yönetimden diğerine İsrail’in egemenliğinin korunması, dostane rejimlerin desteklenmesi, terörizmle mücadele ve İran’ın kontrol altına alınması gibi konularda ve genel itibariyle bölgeye yönelik yaklaşımdaki değişiklikleri incelemektedir. Suriye’ye yönelik politikadaki tereddütler ve değişimler daha detaylı ele alınmıştır. Nitekim bu konular Amerika’nın Levant’a yönelik politikasının henüz son halini almadığının, daha da ötesinde gelişmeler karşısında ABD’nin nasıl yön değiştirdiğini ve Esad’ı yerinden etme hedefinden uzaklaşarak İran’ı kontrol altına alma ve eğer mümkünse boyun eğdirmeye odaklandığına işaret etmektedir.Article Citation - Scopus: 2Accented Essays: Documentary as Artistic Practice in Contemporary Audiovisual Works From Turkey(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francıs Ltd, 2019) Akçalı Kuyucu, ElifThis article looks at the use of documentary filmmaking in contemporary artistic practices in Turkey, specifically focusing on three works that adopt a first-person, subjective viewpoint: Didem Pekun's Of Dice and Men (2016), Sener ozmen's How to Tell of Peace to a Living Dove? (2015), and Aykan Safoglu's Off-White Tulips (2013). Made by artists in transition, these films tackle themes of belonging and identity through stylistic choices proper to essayistic filmmaking, which allow these works to be regarded as accented essays. The personal questions raised through the aesthetics they employ become relevant to collective issues of culture, history, and memory, offering an alternative understanding of the social context, which was largely affected by the political events during the period in which they were made.Article Citation - Scopus: 2Accented Essays: Documentary as Artistic Practice in Contemporary Audiovisual Works From Turkey(Routledge, 2019) Akçalı,E.This article looks at the use of documentary filmmaking in contemporary artistic practices in Turkey, specifically focusing on three works that adopt a first-person, subjective viewpoint: Didem Pekün’s Of Dice and Men (2016), Şener Özmen’s How to Tell of Peace to a Living Dove? (2015), and Aykan Safoğlu’s Off-White Tulips (2013). Made by artists in transition, these films tackle themes of belonging and identity through stylistic choices proper to essayistic filmmaking, which allow these works to be regarded as accented essays. The personal questions raised through the aesthetics they employ become relevant to collective issues of culture, history, and memory, offering an alternative understanding of the social context, which was largely affected by the political events during the period in which they were made. © 2019, © 2019 Critical Arts.Article Citation - WoS: 4Citation - Scopus: 8Accurate Indoor Positioning With Ultra-Wide Band Sensors(Tubitak, 2020) Arsan, TanerUltra-wide band is one of the emerging indoor positioning technologies. In the application phase, accuracy and interference are important criteria of indoor positioning systems. Not only the method used in positioning, but also the algorithms used in improving the accuracy is a key factor. In this paper, we tried to eliminate the effects of off-set and noise in the data of the ultra-wide band sensor-based indoor positioning system. For this purpose, optimization algorithms and filters have been applied to the raw data, and the accuracy has been improved. A test bed with the dimensions of 7.35 m x 5.41 m and 50 cm x 50 cm grids has been selected, and a total of 27,000 measurements have been collected from 180 test points. The average positioning error of this test bed is calculated as 16.34 cm. Then, several combinations of algorithms are applied to raw data. The combination of Big Bang-Big Crunch algorithm for optimization, and then the Kalman Filter have yielded the most accurate results. Briefly, the average positioning error has been reduced from 16.34 cm to 7.43 cm.Article Citation - Scopus: 5Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia Achieving Complete Remission With Amifostine Alone(2002) Öztürk, Ahmet Kutlu; Orhan, Bülent; Türken, Orhan; Etiz, Durmuş; Yaylacı, Mustafa; Üskent, NecdetAmifostine, a phosphorylated thiol-amine, is known as a cytoprotective agent especially for cisplatin containing chemotherapies. Apart from the cytoprotective role, Amifostine could also be used in the treatment of hematologic malignancies such as myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), as a treatment option or for potentiating the effects of cytotoxic agents. We tried to use Amifostine in a patient with AML, which did not respond to conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy and aimed to publish the results. The patient was a 77-year-old male patient, he was diagnosed as AML by peripheral blood smear and bone marrow aspiration. Treatment commenced with low dose cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) but the therapy should have ceased due to patient intolerance. The patient refused further therapy and he was offered to have Amifostine treatment. Amifostine was administered 200 mg/m2 three times a week, with ciprofloxacin, pentoxifyllin and dexamethasone. Dramatic response was obtained after 8 weeks of administration. Blast rate was reduced from 35 to 7% in bone marrow aspiration; pancytopenia was restored to normal levels. This remission was maintained through 8 more weeks. Amifostine treatment was restarted after he relapsed but this time he did not respond to the treatment and died of gastrointestinal bleeding on the 8th week of treatment.Article Adölesan İdiyopatik Skolyozun Anterior Enstrümantasyon ile Tedavisi ve Erken Sonuçlar(Türk Ortopedi ve Travmatoloji Derneği, 2001) Göğüş, Abdullah; Akman, Şenol; Talu, Ufuk; Şar, Cüneyt; Hamzaoğlu, AzmiAmaç: Üçüncü kuşak anterior vida;tek çubuk sistemleri ve intervertebral titanyum mesh kullanılarak tedavi edilen adölesan idiopatik skolyozlu olgularda erken dönem tedavi sonuçları değerlendirildi. Çalışma planı: Adölesan idiopatik skolyozlu 17 hasta (15 kadın, 2 erkek; ort. Yaş 14.9:dağılım 11-20) değerlendirildi. Eğrilikler dört olguda King tip I, altı olguda tip II, iki olguda tip III, iki olguda tip IV ve üç olguda lomber olarak sınıflandırıldı. Lomber olgularda tüm seviyelerde, torakal olgularda ise enstrümantasyonun kranial ve kaudal sınırlarında intervertebral titanyum mesh$ler kullanıldı. Tüm olgular ameliyat sonrası 3-6 ay süreyle torakolumbosakral ortez içinde immobilize edildi. Hastaların ameliyat öncesi, ameliyat sonrası ve takiplerinde iki yönlü orthoröntgenografileri değerlendirildi. Ortalama takip süresi 28 ay (dağılım 18-41 ay) idi. Sonuçlar: Koronal eğrilik derecesi ortalamaları ameliyat öncesinde 51, ameliyat sonrasında 8.6 bulundu. Koreksiyon oranı ortalaması %83.9 idi. Ameliyat sonrası sagital açı değerleri ortalaması torakal kifoz için 27.5, lomberlordoz için 37.6 bulundu. Sekonder eğriliklerin hiçbirinde dekompensasyon gelişmedi. Posterior enstrümantasyon ile karşılaştırıldığında ortalama 0.93 seviye füzyondan tasarruf edildi. Torakolomber geçiş bölgesi kifozu saptanmadı. Bir torasik olguda vida sıyırması nedeniyle, erken dönemde posterior enstrümentasyon ile revizyon uygulandı. Takiplerde psödoartroz, implant yetersizliği ve koreksiyon kaybı gibi problemlerle karşılaşılmadı, Çıkarımlar: Sonuçlarımız üçüncü kuşak anterior tek çubuk enstrümentasyon ve intervertebral titanyum mesh'lerin adölesan idiopatik skolyozun cerrahi tedavisinde posterior enstrümentasyona iyi bir alternatif olduğunu gösterdi.Article Citation - WoS: 23Citation - Scopus: 35An advanced Grey Wolf Optimization Algorithm and its application to planning problem in smart grids(Springer, 2022) Ahmadi, Bahman; Younesi, Soheil; Ceylan, Oguzhan; Ozdemir, AydoganDue to the complex mathematical structures of the models in engineering, heuristic methods which do not require derivative are developed. This paper improves recently developed Grey Wolf Optimization Algorithm by extending it with three new features: namely presenting a new formulation for evaluating the positions of search agents, applying mirroring distance to the variables violating the limits, and proposing a dynamic decision approach for each agent either in exploration or exploitation phases. The performance of Advanced Grey Wolf Optimization (AGWO) method is tested using several optimization test functions and compared to several heuristic algorithms. Moreover, a planning problem in smart grids is solved by considering different objective functions using 33 and 141 bus distribution test systems. From the numerical simulation results, we observe that, AGWO is able to find the best results compared to other methods from 10 and 9 out of 13 test functions for 30 and 60 variables, respectively. Similar to this, it finds best function values for 5 out of 10 fixed number of variable test functions. Also, the result of the CEC-C06 2019 benchmark functions shows that AGWO outperforms 8 for optimization problems from 10. In power distribution system planning problem, better objective function values were determined by using AGWO, resulting a better voltage profile, less losses, and less emission costs compared to solutions obtained by Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithms.Book Review Aid and Technological Cooperation as a Foreign Policy Tool for Emerging Donors: the Case of Brazil(Uluslararasi Iliskiler Konseyi Dernegi, 2022) Akinci, Basri Alp[Abstract Not Available]Article Algı Mı, Söylem Mi? Kopenhag Okulu ve Yeni-klasik Gerçekçilikte Güvenlik Tehditleri(Uluslararası İlişkiler Konseyi Derneği İktisadi İşletmesi, 2011) Akgül Açıkmeşe, SinemBu makale, güvenlik tehditlerinin ortaya çıkışı bakımından yeni-klasik gerçekçilikteki algısal yaklaşımla, Kopenhag Okulunun söylemle inşaya dayalı yöntemini karşılaştırmaktadır. Makalenin hareket noktası, güvenlik tehditlerinin içeriği ve güvenlik aktörleri bakımından farklı perspektifl ere sahip bu iki yaklaşımın güvenliğin çalışılmasında metodolojik benzerlikler içermesi nedeniyle karşılaştırılabilir olduğu varsayımıdır. Makale, tehditlerin ortaya çıkışı bakımından yeni-klasik gerçekçiliğin algılara dayalı öznel yaklaşımının Kopenhag Okulu tarafından kısmen benimsendiğini vurgulayarak, Okulun söyleme dayalı özneler-arası alternatif bir model geliştirdiğini aktarmaktadır. Bu çerçevede, makale öncelikle Güvenlik Çalışmaları yazınında güvenlik tehdidinin içeriği konusundaki tartışmalara yer vermektedir. Ardından, yeni-klasik gerçekçiliği çatısında barındıran Gerçekçi Güvenlik Çalışmalarının tehdidin içeriği ve ortaya çıkışına dair varsayımlarını karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirmekte ve yeni-klasik gerçekçiliğin algısal perspektifi ni analiz etmektedir. Son olarak, Kopenhag Okulunun tehditlerle ilgili analizinin çerçevesini oluşturan güvenlikleştirme yaklaşımının tehditlerin kapsamı ve dayanağına dair tespitlerini Okulun kullandığı söz edimi, siyaset teorisi ve söylem analizi perspektifl erinden yeni-klasik gerçekçilikle karşılaştırmalı olarak incelemektedir.Article Amplitude and Frequency Modulations With Cellular Neural Networks(Springer, 2015) Tander, Baran; Özmen, AtillaAmplitude and frequency modulations are still the most popular modulation techniques in data transmission at telecommunication systems such as radio and television broadcasting gsm etc. However the architectures of these individual systems are totally different. In this paper it is shown that a cellular neural network with an opposite-sign template can behave either as an amplitude or a frequency modulator. Firstly a brief information about these networks is given and then the amplitude and frequency surfaces of the generated quasi-sine oscillations are sketched with respect to various values of their cloning templates. Secondly it is proved that any of these types of modulations can be performed by only varying the template components without ever changing their structure. Finally a circuit is designed simulations are presented and performance of the proposed system is evaluated. The main contribution of this work is to show that both amplitude and frequency modulations can be realized under the same architecture with a simple technique specifically by treating the input signals as template components.Article Citation - WoS: 13Citation - Scopus: 10An Analysis of International Relations Academics in Turkey and Their Approaches To the Field: Trip 2014 Faculty Survey Results(Uluslararası İlişkiler Konseyi Derneği, 2016) Aydın, Mustafa; Hisarlıoğlu, Fulya; Yazgan, KorhanDespite the increasing interest in the studies inquiring the limits autonomous character of and the interactions between the International Relations (IR) discipline and other academic fields the scope and scale of empirical research on these issues are relatively small. In order to contribute to the discussion on the limits and peculiarities of the IR discipline and to shed light on the development current status and major characteristics of the IR studies in Turkey its place in the global IR discipline and the views of LR. scholars on major issues on the global regional and national agenda two surveys were conducted by the International Relations Council of Turkey (IRCT) in 2007 and 2009. Later on the IRTC collaborated with the Institute for the Theory and Practice of International Relations at the College of William and Mary to conduct further surveys in 2011 and 2014. This paper presents findings of the last survey on Turkey based on the worldwide research simultaneously conducted in 31 different countries in September 2014.Article Citation - Scopus: 10An Analysis of International Relations Academics in Turkey and Their Approaches To the Field: Trip 2014 Faculty Survey Results;(International Relations Council of Turkey, 2016) Aydin,M.; Hisarlioğlu,F.; Yazgan,K.Despite the increasing interest in the studies inquiring the limits, autonomous character of and the interactions between the International Relations (IR) discipline and other academic fields, the scope and scale of empirical research on these issues are relatively small. In order to contribute to the discussion on the limits and peculiarities of the IR discipline and to shed light on the development, current status and major characteristics of the IR studies in Turkey, its place in the global IR discipline and the views of IR scholars on major issues on the global, regional and national agenda, two surveys were conducted by the International Relations Council of Turkey (IRCT) in 2007 and 2009. Later on, the IRTC collaborated with the Institute for the Theory and Practice of International Relations at the College of William and Mary to conduct further surveys in 2011 and 2014. This paper presents findings of the last survey on Turkey, based on the worldwide research simultaneously conducted in 31 different countries in September 2014. © 2016, International Relations Council of Turkey. All rights reserved.Article Citation - WoS: 2Citation - Scopus: 2Anatolia - Unveiling Its Multidisciplinary Landscape and Future Orientations(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2024) Kaurav, Rahul Pratap Singh; Singhania, Shubham; Kozak, MetinUsing methods such as Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) and content analysis, this paper does a comprehensive analysis of Anatolia's contributions to tourism and hospitality research over the last 27 years, analyzing publishing trends, regional distribution, and topic evolution. The results show a significant increase in worldwide contributions, covering 92 nations, and an interdisciplinary strategy in line with the UN Sustainable Development Goal (UNSDG) 11. Important subject clusters are identified by the study, underscoring the journal's growing influence and its part in determining the course of future research. Through the identification of emergent topics, the study highlights Anatolia's engagement in varied topics and offers a strategic framework for future research.Other Antibiyotikli kemik çimentosunun 0 ve 15. günlerde mekanik dayanımı: Surgical Simplex P kemik çimentosu ve teikoplanin ile biyomekanik çalışma(Türk Ortopedi ve Travmatoloji Derneği, 2002) Göğüş, Abdullah; Akman, Şenol; Göksan, Bora S.; Bozdağ, ErgünAmaç: Mekanik dayanım açısından 40 gr belirli bir kemik çimentosuna katılabilecek belirli bir antibiyotiğin maksimum dozu "0. gün" ve antibiyotik salınımı sonrası "15. gün" için araştırıldı. Çalışma planı: 40 g Surgical Simplex P kemik çimentosuna 0, 400, 800,1200,1600, 2000, 3200 ve 4000 mg teikoplanin katılarak sekiz deney grubu oluşturuldu. Kompresyon ve dört nokta eğme mekanik dayanım testleri için üçüncü kuşak sement hazırlama ve uygulama koşullarında örnekler elde edildi. Her bir konsantrasyon için "0. gün" ve "15. gün" için 10'ar örnek oluşturuldu. Örneklerin mekanik dayanım testleri ASTM ve ISO standartlarına göre "0. gün" ve 37∘ C su banyosunda antibiyotik salınımı sonrası "15. gün"de yapıldı. Değişik antibiyotik konsantrasyonları 0 mg kontrol grubu ile, ayrıca aynı antibiyotik konsantrasyonlarının 0. gün ve 15. gün mekanik test sonuçları karşılaştırıldı. Sonuçlar: Kompresyon testlerinde "0. gün" grubu içinde anlamlı farklılık bulunmadı; "15. gün" grubunda ise 800 mg'den itibaren anlamlı dayanım azalması saptandı. Her iki grupta tüm konsantrasyonlarda elde edilen mekanik dayanım değerleri ASTM alt limiti olan 70 MPa'nın üzerindeydi. Dört nokta eğme testinde "0. gün" grubunda 1200 mg'den itibaren, "15. gün" grubunda ise 400 mg'den itibaren anlamlı dayanım azalması saptandı. "15. gün" grubundan 4000 mg ISO'nun alt limiti olan 50 MPa'nın altında kalırken, 3200 ve 2000 mg gruplarında 50 MPa'ya çok yakın sonuçlar elde edildi. Çıkarımlar: Deney sonuçları, üçüncü kuşak çimento hazırlama ve uygulama koşullarında, 40 gr Surgical Simplex P kemik çimentosuna güvenle katılabilecek en yüksek teikoplanin dozunun 1600 mg olduğunu gösterdi.Article Citation - WoS: 8Citation - Scopus: 9Apolipoprotein B Gene Variants Are Involved in the Determination of Blood Glucose and Lipid Levels in Patients With Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus(Wiley, 2006) Duman, Belgin Süsleyici; Öztürk, Melek; Yilmazer, Selma; Çağatay, Penbe; Hatemi, HüsrevWe have examined the frequency of the EcoRI XbaI and MspI RFLPs of the apolipoprotein B (apo 13) gene in I 10 type 2 diabetic patients and 9 1 healthy control subjects in order to ascertain whether variation in this gene may influence the development of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (type 2 diabetes). Serum lipids including total-cholesterol (T-Chol) triacylglycerol (TAG) apolipoprotein E (apo E) apolipoprotein Al (apo Al) apolipoprotein B and lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) were analysed. Genomic DNA was extracted and the apo B polymorphic regions amplified by the polymerase chain reaction. Regions carrying EcoRI XbaI and MspI restriction sites present in the apo B gene were amplified and digested separately by the respective enzymes. No significant difference for genotypic frequencies was observed for the EcoRI XbaI and MspI restriction sites in type 2 diabetic patients as compared to controls. Type 2 diabetic patients and controls with EcoRI +/+ and XbaI +/+ genotypes had higher apo E levels. The MspI +/+ genotype is more frequent in the patient and control groups With elevated T-Chol. Furthermore the EcoRI -/- XbaI -/- and MspI +/+ genotypes were found to be significantly more frequent in type 2 diabetic patients with higher blood glucose levels. This study identifies the apo B gene polymorphisms in modulating plasma lipid/lipoprotein and glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes. Copyright 0 2005 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
