Browsing by Author "Orhangazi, Özgür"
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2000’li Yıllarda Yapısal Dönüşüm ve Emeğin Durumu
Türkiye ekonomisi 2000’li yıllarda büyük bir yapısal dönüşüm yaşamış ve tarımın milli gelir ve istihdam içerisindeki payı hızlı bir biçimde düşmüştür. Bu süreçte proleterleşme artmış ve Türkiye giderek daha fazla bir ‘ücretliler toplumu’ haline gelmiştir. Ne var ki ekonominin ve özellikle sanayi sektörünün istihdam yaratma kapasitesi görece düşük kalmıştır. Bunun sonucu yüksek işsizlik oranları ve düşük işgücüne katılma oranları olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Dış sermaye girişlerine bağımlı, ...
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2001 sonrası Türkiye'de bankacılık sektörü
Bu çalışmada öncelikli olarak 2001 krizi sonrasında ekonomi ve bankacılık sektörünün genel durumu tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. 2001 yılında gerçekleşen ekonomik daralma, kurlardaki hızlı iniş çıkışlar, enflasyon, işsizlik gibi gelişmelerin dalgalı kur sistemine geçilmesi, enflasyon hedeflemesinin uygulanmaya başlanması, Merkez Bankasının bağımsızlığını sağlanmasına yönelik yasanın çıkartılması ile sonuçlanmıştır. Banka sayısı, hizmet çeşitliliği ve teknolojik altyapı olarak ilerlemiş olan ...
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Capital Flows and Credit Expansions in Turkey
Literature on capital flows identifies various channels through which capital inflows could create financial fragility and economic instability in developing and emerging economies. Domestic credit expansion is one such channel. Capital inflows can lead to rapid expansion of domestic credit even create credit bubbles and thus result in an increased fragility of the economy. I analyze the link between private capital inflows and bank credit to the private sector in the case of Turkey between 2003 ...
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Capitalism Crisis and Class: The United States Economy after the 2008 Financial Crisis
The literature on the outcomes of the financial crisis in low- and middle-income countries in the post-1980 era presents three broad findings: first the burden of crises falls disproportionately on labor in general and low-income segments of the society in particular. Wages and the labor share of income fall unemployment increases the power of labor declines and income inequality and poverty increase. Capital on the other hand recovers quickly and gains more ground. Second government policies favor ...
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Competition and monopoly in the U.S. economy: What do the industrial concentration data show?
A recent series of academic studies, think-tank reports, and news articles shows widespread attention to rising industrial concentration and market power in the U.S. economy. In this paper, we focus on concentration in the U.S. nonfinancial corporate sector to make three contributions to the literature. First, we use examples from the debate on industrial concentration to show that there are often-divergent predictions in the theoretical literature surrounding the expected consequences of concentration ...
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Contours of Alternative Policy Making in Venezuela
The economic policies of the Venezuelan government in the last decade represent a significant departure from neoliberal orthodoxy. This departure consists of a focus on greater national autonomy, a return to some of the macroeconomic policies of earlier eras, and increased state involvement in the economy through interventions and social programs. While these policies have resulted in improved social indicators, they also have provided space for a set of "transformative" initiatives, including ...
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Determinants of investment in the manufacturing sector in Turkey
This dissertation focuses on the determinants of investment in Turkish manufacturing sector. it gives a detailed framework and complementary analysis of the determinants of investment in Turkish manufacturing sector. First i examine the financing constraints hypothesis for the manufacturing sector. The financing constraints have a controversial place in the current literature and for Turkey there has been a limited literature in this field even-though the relation between financing constraints and ...
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Determinants of Investment in Turkey: A Firm-Level Investigation
Authors:Gezici, Armağan; Orhangazi, Özgür; Yalçın, Cihan
Publisher and Date:(Routledge Journals Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2019)In this article we analyze the financing constraints-investment link for the case of Turkey between 1996 and 2013. As different from the existing studies on Turkey we use a more comprehensive data set that includes both publicly-traded and privately-owned firms and analyze the differences in constraints across small- and medium-sized firms and large firms. In addition to the commonly used cash-flow sensitivities we use alternative measures of constraints build from multiple firm specific variables. ...
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Growth and Distribution After the 2007-2008 US Financial Crisis: Who Shouldered the Burden of the Crisis?
The post-1980 era witnessed an increase in the frequency and severity of financial crises around the globe the majority of which took place in low-and middle-income countries. Studies of the impacts of these crises have identified three broad sets of consequences. First the burden of crises falls disproportionately on labor in general and low-income segments of society in particular. In the years following financial crises wages and labor share of income fall the rate of unemployment increases the ...
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Heterogeneous effects of minimum wage on labor market outcomes: A case study from Turkey
We assess the effects of a sharp minimum wage increase on wages, informality, and employment in Turkey, a large developing economy with one of the highest minimum wage-to-average wage ratios among OECD countries and widespread discrepancies between labor market outcomes of women and of men. We look at the quasi-experimental 2016 minimum wage increase and pay attention to identifying information coming from demographic groups. We find that the increase in the minimum wage had an economically ...
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Kalkınma, kapitalizmin mantığı ve eşit olmayan gelişme
Kapitalizm, ortaya çıkışından bu yana dünya üzerinde eşit olmayan bir gelişme üretmiştir. İlk başlarda, kapitalizmin ortaya çıktığı bölgeler ve bunların uzantılarıyla dünyanın geri kalanı arasında kurulan ilişkilerin yarattığı eşit olmayan gelişme dinamikleri, sistemin mantığı tarafından sürekli yeniden üretilmektedir. Dünyanın belirli yerlerinde ortaya çıkan iktisadi gelişme, çoğu zaman başka bölgelerde ‘azgelişme’ yaratmaktadır. Gerek 1980 öncesinin devletçi kalkınma politikaları gerekse daha ...
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Labor market outcomes of minimum wage increases: A case study
There is an ongoing controversy surrounding the minimum wage policy. On the one hand, proponents argue that minimum wage can support employment in the presence of a labor market monopsony; opponents, on the other hand, argue that minimum wage has adverse impact on employment outcomes. In this study, using the 33% minimum wage increase in 2016 in Turkey as a quasi-experiment and utilizing the regional variation in the fraction of workers a↵ected by minimum wage increases, I examine the impact ...
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R&D Activity and Financing Constraints: Evidence from Turkey
Authors:Gezici, Armağan; Orhangazi, Özgür; Yalçın, Cihan
Publisher and Date:(Savez Ekonomista Vojvodine, 2020)We analyze the relationship between financing constraints and firms' R&D activity using a rich and comprehensive firm-level balance sheet and income statement data set of manufacturing firms in Turkey for the period 1996 to 2013. Using a firm-specific, time-varying financing constraints index, we find that financing constraints have a negative relationship with firms' R&D activity, after controlling for other determinants of R&D such as firm size, capital intensity and export market participation.
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The Re-making of the Turkish Crisis
By the end of 2018 Turkey had entered a new economic crisis and a lengthy recession period. In contrast to the previous financial crises of 1994, 2001 and 2009, when the economy shrank abruptly with a spectacular collapse of asset values and a severe contraction of output, the 2018 economic crisis was characterized by a prolonged recession with persistent low (negative) rates of growth, dwindling investment performance, debt repayment problems, secularly rising unemployment, spiralling currency ...
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The reaction of the consumer prices to exchange rate movements: A case Turkey
The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze exchange rate pass through coefficients for the last 13 years of the Turkish economy. For this purpose, I use latest data of inflation levels and exchange rate for the period of January 2006 and March 2019. Unlike other studies focusing on implicit inflation targeting period and pre-inflation targeting periods, focusing on explicit inflation targeting regime in Turkey give real insight about how exchange rate affects inflation under the price ...