İktisadi, İdari ve Sosyal Bilimler Fakültesi
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Article Citation - WoS: 1Nato's Emerging Threat Perception: Cyber Security in the 21st Century(Uluslararası İlişkiler Konseyi Derneği, 2014) Bıçakcı, SalihWestphalian state system has been deeply affected from the civilianization of the cyber space. It is possible to see the traces of nuclear war and its competition in this new post-Cold War period. The contemporary threats against the cyber space and their vague boundaries could clearly be seen in the examples. Cyber attacks in this new security environment towards long lasting alliance NATO and its members are giving important clues for the future. In this article one discussed defensive measures of NATO for these new threats and the process which determined the cyber security strategies. Upon this cyber defense strategy NATO tries to level the cyber capabilities of its members and takes the necessary steps to achieve this goal. The Lisbon summit endorsed the preparation of a new strategy that includes cyber defense and protection of the critical information infrastructure.Article Citation - WoS: 4Citation - Scopus: 7Greek Foreign Policy in Defence of the National Interest: Teetering Between Exceptionalism and Integration(Uluslararası İlişkiler Konseyi Derneği, 2018) Triantaphyllou, DimitriosThis paper aims to explain how crisis-ridden Greece defines and defends its national interest. The constellation of the twin economic and migration crises coupled with the increasingly transactional nature of the global order have forced Greece's hand in sticking to its guns with regard to its membership in both NATO and the European Union. While deterrence vis-a-vis Turkey remains a high priority Greece has had to labour to regain its status and credibility within both aforementioned organizations by evolving away from its traditional policy of balancing between its membership obligations in NATO and the EU and its more nuanced approach to relations with Russia in contrast to many other countries. This has been done with the consensual adoption across the mainstream political spectrum of a policy of strategic realism which sees a distancing from the Euro-Atlantic context as an anathema albeit the persistence of the reflex of exceptionalism and ethno-centrism. Its flank state status and the danger of further marginalization at a time of a changing Turkey have forced its hand while also presenting opportunities for the adoption of a renewed positive agenda with its neighbours.Article Citation - WoS: 7Citation - Scopus: 7Investment on Human Capital in a Dynamic Contest Model(Walter De Gruyter Gmbh, 2019) Keskin, Kerim; Sağlam, ÇağrıAlthough most contest games are modeled in such a way that the outcome depends only on the efforts exerted by the contestants what is arguably more important is the contestants' effective efforts which may be influenced also by their ability human capital strength etc. In this paper we investigate an extensive model including such an effectiveness parameter and analyze the optimal investment behavior in a dynamic conflict framework. At each period two contestants compete for a common prize by choosing contest efforts and investment levels. Each contestant's investment accumulates as his/her human capital which depreciates through time. Who wins the component contest at a particular period is determined by the contestants' effective efforts defined as increasing functions of their efforts and human capitals. Following the analysis of subgame perfect Nash equilibrium in a two-period model and of open-loop equilibrium in an infinite-horizon model we provide intuitive comparative static results.Article Rekabet ve İşbirliği İkileminde Yönünü Arayan Türk-rus İlişkileri(Ahmet Yesevi Üniversitesi Mütevelli Heyet Başkanlığı, 2015) Çelikpala, MitatSon dönem Türk-Rus ikili ilişkileri, işbirliği ve stratejik ortaklık söylemleri etrafında tanımlamaktadır. 1990’lı yıllara hâkim olan rekabet söyleminin yerini alan bu yeni bakış açısı, TürkRus ikili ilişkilerinin seyrinde temel bir dönüşüme işaret etmektedir. İki ülkenin ilişkilerini geliştirirken işbirliğinin boyutlanmasını sağlayacak hedef bölgesi olarak, 1990’lı yıllarda rekabetin en yoğun biçimde yaşandığı Avrasya’yı seçmesi ise, Türk Dış Politikasının genel çizgisi ve ikili ilişkilerin seyri açısından, yaşanan dönüşümün farklı bir yönüne işaret etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Türk-Rus ilişkilerinde yaşanan dönüşümün sebepleri ve sonuçları hem söylem hem de eylem boyutunda ve tarihsel süreç dikkate alınarak sorgulanmakta; bu dönüşümün Türkiye’nin Avrasya söylem ve politikalarına yansımalarının yanı sıra, Türk kamuoyu ile dış politika yapıcılarının rol tasavvurlarında gerçek bir dönüşümün söz konusu olup olmadığına cevaplar aranmaktadır.Article Nato-ab İlişkilerinde İşbirliği ve Çatışma Dinamikleri(Uluslararası İlişkiler Konseyi Derneği İktisadi İşletmesi, 2014) Açıkmeşe Akgül, Sinem; Dizdaroğlu, CihanSoğuk Savaş dönemi boyunca Avrupa-Atlantik bölgesinde güvenlik ve savunma alanında NATO’nun sahip olduğu üstün konum, Avrupa’da kendi kendine yetebilen bir güvenlik mekanizmasının oluşumunu engellemiştir. Soğuk Savaş sonrasında dönüşmeye başlayan NATOAB ilişkilerinde, 1998 St. Malo Zirvesi’nin kazandırdığı ivmeyle temelleri atılan OGSP bir dönüm noktası teşkil etmiştir. Bu tarihten itibaren iki örgüt ilişkilerinde işbirliği fırsatlarının yanı sıra çatışma alanları da belirmeye başlamıştır. NATO-AB arasındaki ilişkilerin kurumsal çerçevesini güçlendiren ve “Berlin-artı” düzenlemelerini de içeren bir dizi anlaşmanın varlığına rağmen günümüzde 22 ortak üyeye sahip iki örgüt arasında etkin bir işbirliğinden söz etmek yanıltıcı olacaktır. Başta AB üyesi olmayan NATO müttefiklerine uygulanan ayrımcılık olmak üzere, halen varlığını sürdüren kurumlar arası ayrışma ve ikilik gibi sorunlar NATO-AB ilişkilerinde gelişimin önünü tıkamaktadır. Bu makale, iki örgüt arasındaki sınırlı işbirliğinin yanı sıra, daha etkin bir işbirliğinin önünü tıkayan engelleri ele almaktadır.Editorial Citation - WoS: 3Roundtable Discussion on Homegrown Theorizing(Center Foreign Policy & Peace Research, 2018) Aydinli, Ersel; Aydın, Mustafa; Baran, Emre; Makarychev, Andrey; Smith, Karen; Gozen, Ramazan; Ipek, Pinar; Kuru, Deniz; Ozdemir, Haluk; Shih, Chih-Yu; Mallavarapu, Siddharth; Chen, Ching-Chang; Kostem, Seckin; Ersoy, Eyup; Jorgensen, Knud Erik; Esen, Berk[Abstract Not Available]Article Citation - WoS: 6Citation - Scopus: 7Different Types of Religiosity and Lay Intuitions About Free Will/Determinism in Turkey(Routledge Journals Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2018) Yılmaz, Onurcan; Bahçekapılı, Hasan G.; Harma, MehmetReligiosity has been found to be positively associated with belief in free will (FW) in the Western world. In the Muslim world however religiosity exhibits several characteristics that set it apart from the Western world including an overemphasis on fate or divine predestination. We therefore investigated FW/determinism beliefs and different types of religiosity and conservatism in two samples in Turkey a predominantly Muslim country (N=1690). In Study 1 a confirmatory factor analysis showed that FAD-Plus provided good fit to the data. Study 2 revealed that FW belief is not related to any of the religiosity measures (intrinsic extrinsic quest) whereas fatalistic determinism is consistently related to religiosity. The unique predictor of free will turned out to be belief in a just world. Overall these findings indicate that FW belief is not inherently related to religiosity in Turkey whereas fatalistic determinism is central to Turkish people's belief systems.Article Citation - WoS: 1Citation - Scopus: 1Us Policies Adrift in a Levant in Turmoil(Uluslararası İlişkiler Konseyi Derneği, 2018) Görmüş, Evrim; Özel, SoliThe Levant has constituted one of the core areas of interest for US foreign policy since the Second World War. The aim of this article is to shed light on the US policies towards the Levant mostly during the last two American administrations to understand how the vicissitudes of the region and of American politics made Washington's policy towards the Levant look biased at times incompetent and most importantly inconsistent. This article examines the changes in approach to the region as a whole from one administration to the next on issues such as the protection of Israel's sovereignty supporting friendly regimes fighting terrorism and containing Iran. The hesitations and shifts in policy towards Syria are given a longer treatment as they speak both to the yet not finalized American policy towards the Levant but also to show how the US has shifted track and moved away from unseating President Assad to focus more on containing and if possible rolling over Iran.Article Atlantik Paktı’ndan Nato’ya: Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi’nde Türkiye’nin Konumu ve Uluslararası Rolü Tartışmalarından Bir Kesit(Uluslararası İlişkiler Konseyi Derneği İktisadi İşletmesi, 2012) Yanık, Lerna K.Bu makale Türkiye’nin Kuzey Atlantik İttifakı’na (NATO) giriş sürecinde dış politika söylemleri aracılığıyla oluşan kimliği, eleştirel jeopolitik çerçevesinde irdelemektedir. Bu makalenin ana tezi ülkelerin dış politika yoluyla oluşturdukları kimliklerin sadece konum, kültür ve değerden ibaret olmadığı, bu denkleme bir de ülkelerin üstlendikleri uluslararası işlevin eklenmesi gerektiğidir. Türkiye örneğini değerlendirmek amacıyla Türkiye’nin NATO’ya girişinden hemen önce ve sonrasında Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi’nde (TBMM) yapılan çeşitli konuşmalar incelenmiştir. Varılan sonuç bu yıllarda konum, kültür ve değer olarak kendini Batılı sayan Türkiye’nin Doğu’ya uzanmayı görev olarak bellediği ve dolayısıyla üstü kapalı bir eşiksel kimlik yaratıldığıdır.Article Citation - Scopus: 9Self-Efficacy and Hemodialysis Treatment: a Qualitative and Quantitative Approach(Turkish Association of Nervous and Mental Health, 2013) Krespi-Boothby, Margörit Rita; Salmon, PeterThe theoretically driven approach to the measurement of self-efficacy fails to capture the challenges that hemodialysis patients experience in following their dietary and fluid restrictions. Aims: A combination of qualitative and quantitative research is necessary to identify the range of challenges associated with these restrictions and to quantify them if clinicians are to be guided in their consultations with patients. In this study the construct of self-efficacy was grounded on the basis of challenges to dietary and fluid restrictions and the findings were used to develop a questionnaire to quantify the patients' perceptions of their ability to overcome each challenge. Materials and Methods: The sample for the qualitative study consisted of 16 hemodialysis patients and the quantitative study included 156 hemodialysis patients. Results: The qualitative findings showed that the patients experienced a range of specific challenges to dietary and fluid restrictions. Among these were practical constraints being with others the view of hemodialysis as compensating for dietary non-compliance and emotional challenges including discomfort distress and boredom with dietary and fluid restrictions. The most common challenge to fluid restrictions was eating while not having any fluid allowance left. Boredom with diet was the most common challenge to diet. Hemodialysis treatment was a justification for a significant number of patients to neglect their dietary and fluid restrictions. Conclusion: The findings suggest that grounded self-efficacy is a unitary phenomenon but that it incorporates a wide spectrum of specific challenges. The challenges identified herein have provided an evidence base for educational interventions to improve compliance with dietary and fluid restrictions.Article Citation - WoS: 25Citation - Scopus: 41The Eu and Minority Rights in Turkey(Wiley, 2009) Toktaş, Şule; Aras, Bülent[Abstract Not Available]Article Citation - WoS: 9Citation - Scopus: 12Debating Eurasia: Political Travels of a Geographical Concept in Turkey(Uluslararası İlişkiler Konseyi Derneği, 2019) Yanık, Lerna K.This article reviews the ways in which various actors in Turkey have used the terms 'Eurasia' and 'Eurasianism' since the end of the Cold War. It presents two arguments. First, compared to Russian Eurasianism, it is difficult to talk about the existence of a 'Turkish Eurasianism'. Yet, the article employs the term Turkish Eurasianism as a shorthand to describe the ways in which Eurasia and Eurasianism are employed in Turkey. Second, Turkish Eurasianism is nothing but the use or instrumentalization of Eurasia to create a geopolitical identity for Turkey that legitimizes its political, economic, and strategic interests primarily in the post-Soviet space, but, from time to time, also in the Balkans and Africa. Various Turkish state and non-state actors have used Eurasia to mean different things and justify different goals: reaching out to Turkic Republics, being pro-Russian, creating a sphere of influence in former Ottoman lands, or, recently, cloaking anti-Western currents.Article Citation - WoS: 1Turkey and the Caucasus: Transition From Reactive Foreign Policy To Proactive Rhythmic Diplomacy(Uluslararası İlişkiler Konseyi Derneği, 2010) Çelikpala, MitatThe consequences of the August 2008 Russian-Georgian War have deeply influenced not only the Caucasus but overall global stability as well. Turkey as a regional actor which claims to follow active diplomacy in her region has also been directly affected. Currently Turkey has positioned itself as a regional actor with a 'new' political perspective and has responded to developments in order to give the events shape and to ensure stability in the region. This attitude has caused controversies. The Caucasus became an interesting example to monitor Turkish foreign policy implementations with mottos such as 'zero problems with neighbors' problem-solving country' and 'rhythmic diplomacy' Turkey's policies and reactions to developments taking place in the Caucasus will help us to analyze and understand foreign policy objectives policy-making processes and the overall course of Turkish foreign policy This study makes a comprehensive assessment of Turkey's foreign policy in the Caucasus before and after August 2008.Article Citation - WoS: 13Citation - Scopus: 17A Multidimensional Investigation of Pretend Play and Language Competence: Concurrent and Longitudinal Relations in Preschoolers(Elsevier, 2020) Kızıldere, Erim; Aktan Erciyes, Aslı; Tahiroğlu, Deniz; Göksun, TilbePlay is an important tool for children's social interactions and cognitive skills. The current study examines the links between pretend play and language in 119 Turkish preschoolers at two time points tested one-year apart (Time 1 M-age = 45.82 months and Time 2 M-age = 57.68 months). Preschoolers' language competence (linguistic complexity and receptive vocabulary) was assessed along with several pretend play measures (telephone task, imaginary pantomime task, pretense score from a free play session). Results showed that concurrently the telephone and imaginary pantomime task scores were associated with linguistic complexity at Time 1 and only the telephone score was related to linguistic complexity at Time 2. No concurrent associations were found between receptive vocabulary and pretend play measures. Furthermore, a longitudinal relation was found between language competence and one pretend play measure: Time 1 telephone score predicted Time 2 receptive vocabulary score. These findings are discussed in terms of the two domains potentially sharing the symbolic aspect as an underlying mechanism and social aspect through pretense creating contexts relevant to language development.Other Dış Siyaseti ve Askerî Stratejileriyle İkinci Dünya Savaşı Türkiye Si İlhan Tekeli ve Selim İlkin 1. Cilt, İletişim Yayınları, İstanbul, 2013, 669 Sayfa.dış Siyaseti ve Askerî Stratejileriyle İkinci Dünya Savaşı Türkiye'si İlhan Tekeli ve Selim İlkin 1. Cilt, İletişim Yayınları, İstanbul, 2013, 669 Sayfa.(Uluslararası İlişkiler Konseyi Derneği İktisadi İşletmesi, 2015) Valansi Franco, Karel[Abstract Not Available]Article Citation - WoS: 9Citation - Scopus: 12Levantine Challenges on Turkish Foreign Policy(Uluslararası İlişkiler Konseyi Derneği, 2018) Aydın, Mustafa; Dizdaroğlu, CihanTurkey's perception of the Levant has been hazy in modern times and the country has not constructed a holistic approach towards the region until recently despite the fact that Turkey has sought closer cooperation with the Levantine countries since the late 1990s. In addition to Turkey's willingness to open up to the region recent international developments such as the discovery of hydrocarbons off the coast of Israel Egypt and Cyprus the outbreak of the Arab Spring and changes in the regional balance of power have provided momentum for Turkey's engagement with the region. This paper argues that although these factors have provided space for Turkey to play a more assertive role in the region the country has thus far failed to present a successful region-wide strategy or carve up an influence zone.Article Citation - WoS: 8Computational International Relations What Can Programming, Coding and Internet Research Do for the Discipline?(Dış Politika ve Barış Araştırmaları Merkezi, İhsan Doğramacı Barış Vakfı, 2019) Ünver, Hamid AkınComputational Social Science emerged as a highly technical and popular discipline in the last few years, owing to the substantial advances in communication technology and daily production of vast quantities of personal data. As per capita data production significantly increased in the last decade, both in terms of its size (bytes) as well as its detail (heartrate monitors, internet-connected appliances, smartphones), social scientists’ ability to extract meaningful social, political and demographic information from digital data also increased. A vast methodological gap exists in ‘computational international relations’, which refers to the use of one or a combination of tools such as data mining, natural language processing, automated text analysis, web scraping, geospatial analysis and machine learning to provide larger and better organized data to test more advanced theories of IR. After providing an overview of the potentials of computational IR and how an IR scholar can establish technical proficiency in computer science (such as starting with Python, R, QGis, ArcGis or Github), this paper will focus on some of the author’s works in providing an idea for IR students on how to think about computational IR. The paper argues that computational methods transcend the methodological schism between qualitative and quantitative approaches and form a solid foundation in building truly multi-method research design.Article Citation - WoS: 3Citation - Scopus: 5Nato's Evolution and Turkey's Contribution To the Transatlantic Security(Uluslararası İlişkiler Konseyi Derneği, 2015) Güvenç, SerhatTurkey has been member of NATO for more than six decades. Turkey's contributions to NATO's collective defense have evolved in quantity and quality in step with changes in the ends and means of security. In terms of its contributions to the alliance, two elements of continued stand out. The first one is Turkey's location. Its proximity to zones of risks and threats in NATO's assessments has turned Turkey into an asset. The other element is Turkey's ability to raise and maintain a large army at a relatively low cost. This has been considered Turkey's "competitive edge" in NATO. Its real estate value and its large army constituted the two main pillars of Turkey's contribution to NATO during the Cold War. Turkey has shifted its emphasis away from quantity to quality to meet NATO's evolving requirements for post-Cold War out-of-area collective security missions. Nevetheless, Turkey's real estate value has come a full circle for the alliance with Ankara's decision to host an radar site as part of NATO's Anti-Ballistic Missile Defense System.Article Nato’nun Gelişen Tehdit Algısı: 21. Yüzyılda Siber Güvenlik(Uluslararası İlişkiler Konseyi Derneği İktisadi İşletmesi, 2014) Bıçakcı, SalihSiber uzayın sivilleşmesiyle birlikte Vestfalya sisteminin getirdiği ulus devlet modeli derinden etkilenmiştir. Soğuk Savaş sonrasında ortaya çıkan bu yeni dönemde nükleer savaşın ve çekişmenin izlerini görmek mümkündür. Siber Uzayın günümüzde karşı karşıya kaldığı tehditler ve bunların henüz netleşmemiş sınırları örneklerde net olarak görülmektedir. NATO gibi uzun soluklu bir güvenlik ittifakına ve üyelerine bu yeni güvenlik ortamında yapılan siber saldırılar, gelecek adına önemli ipuçları vermektedir. Bu makalede NATO’nun bu yeni tehditlere karşı aldığı tedbirler ve belirlenen siber güvenlik stratejileri ortaya çıkaran süreç tartışılmıştır.Article Citation - WoS: 1Dynamics of Cooperation and Conflict in Nato-Eu Relations(Uluslararası İlişkiler Konseyi Derneği, 2014) Acikmese Akgul, Sinem; Dizdaroğlu, CihanNATO's supremacy in the security and defence structures of the Euro-Atlantic region during the Cold War era has prevented the development of a self-sustained European security mechanism. With the end of the Cold War specifically with the St. Malo Summit in 1998 which was a breakthrough in the advancement of the Common Security and Defence Policy the NATO-EU relationship became pronounced. Since then opportunities for and difficulties of collaboration have both defined this inter-institutional relationship between NATO and the EU. Despite a series of arrangements for strengthening the institutional framework of NATO-EU relations as well as the Berlin-plus agreements the argument of an effective cooperation between two organizations would be misguided. Particularly discrimination against the non-EU NATO allies as well as the existence of challenges such as decoupling and duplication are hampering progress in NATO-EU relations. This article aims at shedding a light on the limited cooperation between these two organizations by focusing on the current challenges.
