Gökhan Kirkil

Kirkil, Gökhan

Name Variants

K.,Gokhan
G. Kirkil
Kirkil,Gokhan
Kirkil,G.
GÖKHAN KIRKIL
Kirkil, Gokhan
K., Gokhan
Kirkil, G.
Gökhan KIRKIL
Kirkil G.
Gökhan Kirkil
Gokhan, Kirkil
KIRKIL, Gökhan
K., Gökhan
KIRKIL, GÖKHAN
Kirkil, GÖKHAN
Kirkil, Gökhan
Kirkil, Gökhan
Kirkil, Gökhan

Job Title

Doç. Dr.

Email Address

gokhan.kirkil@khas.edu.tr

ORCID ID

0000-0001-9213-007X

Scopus Author ID

12039334900

Full item page

Scholarly Output

31

Articles

12

Citation Count

358

Supervised Theses

8 Scholarly Output Search Results

Now showing 1 - 10 of 30

Citation Count: 0
Flow Structure in a Shallow Mixing Layer Developing Over 2-D Dunes
(E D P Sciences, 2018) Kirkil, Gökhan
A high resolution Detached Eddy Simulation (DES) are used to characterize the evolution of a shallow mixing layer developing between two parallel streams in a long open channel over two-dimensional (2D) dunes. The study discusses the vertical non-uniformity in the mixing layer and provides a quantitative characterization of the growth of the large-scale quasi 2D coherent structures with the distance from the splitter plate. The presence of large-scale roughness elements in the form of an array of two-dimensional dunes with a maximum height of 0.25D (D is the channel depth) induces a very rapid and larger shift of the centerline of the mixing layer due to the increased influence of the bottom roughness. Results show that in streamwise sections situated after 100D (D is the channel depth) from the splitter plate, the width of the mixing layer close to the free surface stays constant. The tilting of the mixing layer interface toward the low speed stream is observed as the free surface is approached in all vertical sections.
A Road Map To Increase Solar Energy Prosumers in Turkey
(Kadir Has Üniversitesi, 2021) Uslu, Musa Enes; Volkan Ediger, Şevket; Kirkil, Gökhan
İklim değişikliği, ülkeleri fosil yakıtlardan yenilenebilir kaynaklara geçişe zorlamaktadır. Yenilenebilir kaynaklar arasında modüler yapısı ve düşük kurulum maliyetleri ile güneş enerjisi öne çıkmaktadır. Güneş enerjisi sitemlerinde, birçok ülkede öz tüketime doğru bir eğilim vardır. Bu ülkelerden biri de Türkiye'dir. 2019 yılının mayıs ayında çıkan Elektrik Piyasasında Lisanssız Elektrik Üretim Yönetmeliği ile güneş enerjisi yatırımları öz tüketime yönlendirilmiştir. Bu değişiklik, güneş enerjisi yatırımlarında türetici konseptinin gelişmesi için önemli bir temel oluşturmuştur. Türeticiler hem tükettikleri enerjiyi üreten hem de enerji pazarında aktif rol alan oyunculardır. Dolayısı ile, türetici konseptinin gelişmesi, enerji dönüşümü sürecindeki en önemli adımlardan birini oluşturmaktadır. Ancak güneş enerjisi türeticileri Türkiye'de yeterince gelişmemiştir. Bu tezde de Türkiye'de güneş enerjisi türeticilerinin gelişmesi için yol haritası oluşturulması hedeflenmiştir. Bu amaçla, öncelikle diğer ülkelerdeki örnek uygulamalar literatür taraması ile incelenmiştir. Almanya'daki mieterstrommodell (kiracı elektrik modeli) ve Avustralya'daki Power Ledger şirketi tarafından hayata geçirilen eşler arası (P2P) enerji ticareti uygulaması örnek vaka olarak seçilmiştir. Bu modellerin Türkiye'deki mevcut durumda uygulanabilirliği tartışılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, kiracı elektrik modeli ve P2P enerji ticareti uygulamalarının gerçekleştirilmesi halinde güneş enerjisi türeticilerinin Türkiye'de artacağı öngörülmektedir.
Decarbonization Potentials in the Turkish Energy Intensive Industries
(Kadir Has Üniversitesi, 2021) Ünlü, Begüm; Kirkil, Gökhan
Biyoçeşitlilik ve iklim krizi ile mücadelede uluslararası kuruluşların önderliğinde küresel ısınmayı minimumda tutmak üzere bir dizi önlem alınmaktadır. Önlemlerden biri olan sera gazı emisyonlarının azaltılması için öncelikle enerji sektöründe yoğun karbonlu kaynaklardan düşük karbonlulara geçiş sağlanmaktadır. Lakin sadece enerji geçişinin emisyonları azaltmak için yeterli olmadığı bilinmektedir. Bu nedenle küresel emisyon salınımında enerjiden sonra ikinci sırada gelen sanayi sektöründe karbonsuzlaştırma yöntemlerine ağırlık verilmektedir. Çoğu gelişmiş ülkenin çalışmalarında Enerji Yoğun Endüstri olarak sınıflandırılan, üretim sürecinde yoğun enerji harcayan ve yoğun emisyona sebep olan alt sektörlere özel karbonsuzlaştırma önerileri kapsamlı bir şekilde ele alınmaktadır. Türkiye Sanayisi ise teknolojik araştırma ve geliştirmeleri enerji verimliliğine odaklanarak gerçekleştirmektedir. Karbonsuzlaştırma seçenekleri enerji verimliliğini de içine alan geniş bir yelpaze sunduğu için Türk Sanayisi tarafından da benimsenmelidir. Bu çalışma Türkiye'de üretim yapan enerji yoğun endüstrilerde karbonsuzlaştırma potansiyelini sunmayı amaçlamıştır. Çalışmada öncelikle karbonsuzlaştırma kavramı ve iklim krizi ile mücadalede ön saflarda yer alan uluslarası kuruluşların karbonsuzlaştırmaya bakış açısı incelenmiştir. Ardından küresel çapta uygulanan karbonsuzlaştırma seçenekleri araştırılıp enerji yoğun endüstrilere özel çözümler saptanmıştır. Daha sonra Türkiye'de enerji yoğun endüstriler alt sektör bazında incelenmiş ve uygun olan karbonsuzlaştırma önerileri sunulmuştur. Bu önerilerin hayata geçmesi için hükümetin, kuruluş ve sanayicilerin iklim krizi ile mücadelede küresel hedeflere uygun, ortak bir yaklaşım benimsemesi gerekmektedir. Ancak bu sayede sanayide karbonsuzlaştırma seçeneklerinin değerlendirilmesi mümkün olabilecektir.
Energy Transition Scenario Analysis for Turkey Using Long Range Energy Alternatives Planning (leap)
(Kadir Has Üniversitesi, 2019) Massaga, Daniel Julius; Kirkil, Gökhan
Fossil fuel thermal power plants constitute a large part of the Turkish electricity generation capacity. The Turkish government has been developing several energy policy documents to evaluate how various renewable energy sources of the country can be utilized optimally in the generation of electricity for the next 30 years. The study considers three scenarios in the transition to renewable energy for Turkey; the business as usual (BAU), energy conservation (EE) and renewable energy (REN) scenarios were modeled with the help of the LEAP (Long-range Energy Alternatives Planning) software. EE scenario considers the use of energy-efficient appliances across all sectors of demand while emphasizing on more efficiency in electricity production activities, whereas REN scenario considers increasing the share of the renewable energy sources as much as possible in the power generation mix. These scenarios were evaluated in terms of cost and environmental impact. The optimized energy efficiency scenario has been shown to be the optimal energy policy option for Turkey in terms of cost and environmental impact. Keywords: renewable energy, energy transition, energy efficiency, LEAP, scenario analysis
Citation Count: 0
Flow structure in a mixing layer developing over flat bed at high Reynolds numbers
(CRC Press, 2016) Kirkil,G.
Results of a high resolution Detached Eddy Simulation (DES) are used to characterize the evolution of a shallow mixing layer developing between two parallel streams in a long open channel with a flat bed at a high Reynolds number (ReD = 160,000). The influence of Reynolds number on the development of the mixing layer as well as the vertical non-uniformity in the mixing layer structure is discussed. The numerical results show that as Reynolds number increases, the mixing layer grows rapidly but also stabilizes more quickly. The shift of the centerline of the mixing layer is toward the low-speed side is less for high Reynolds number simulation than low Reynolds number simulation. Mixing layer growth rate and its change in the vertical direction are compared with experiments and a simulation at ReD = 16,000. Passive scalar is introduced at the tip of the splitter plate close to the free surface to estimate the size of the mixing structures based on mass transport. © 2016 Taylor & Francis Group, London, UK.
Potential and Status of Renewable Energy Development in Energy Import-Dependent Countries Turkey and Pakistan
(Kadir Has Üniversitesi, 2021) Majeed, Mohsina; Ediger, Şevket Volkan; Kirkil, Gökhan
Human life cannot be imagined without the use of energy. Demand for energy, meanwhile, is increasing daily across the globe, while the uses and sources of energy have changed over time. Fossil fuels have dominated other energy sources since the 19th century but began causing problems such as climate change. In order to address these problems, renewable energy sources (RES) were accepted as an alternative energy sources in recent years and technical and economic developments make possible the energy transition from fossil fuels to renewables at an accelerated rate. Turkey and Pakistan are both developing countries with large populations and high levels of energy-import dependency, 77% and 80%, respectively. At the same time, Turkey and Pakistan both have enormous potential for RE such as solar, wind, hydro, biomass and geothermal, according to the validated RE-potential maps of these countries. Turkey and Pakistan are realizing renewable energy transition and seeking to shape their current energy structure in the favor of RES. The factors affecting RED in Turkey and Pakistan are enormous RE potential, supportive RE policies by government and energy security issues. There are some political, economic, technical and social problems for RED in Turkey and Pakistan that include lack of proper RE policies, extended and time-consuming governmental procedures, the lack of domestic production of goods, and other financing problems for RE projects. If proper policy support and efficient investment become available, RES can provide enough power to fulfill the country's energy demand and bring prosperity and sustainability to both countries. Current RED in these countries is not sufficient for complete energy transition from fossil fuels to renewables. However, RE potential in these countries is enough for complete energy transition. According to SWOT analysis Pakistan's RE sector has various investment opportunities for Turkish investors. It has a validated RE source mapping system and untapped highly potential solar and windy areas. Mini-hydro plants is also a successful RE business model in Pakistan. The government of Pakistan is also offering various incentives for RE investors. Keywords: Renewable energy transition, sustainability, solar, wind, fossil fuel
Short-Term Forecast for Turkey's Electricity Demand Dnn Vs Lstm
(Kadir Has Üniversitesi, 2023) DEDE, BERK; Kirkil, Gökhan
This study aims to estimate Turkey's short-term electricity demand using artificial intelligence algorithms. Electrical systems are complex structures; therefore, many details must be considered for the prediction. Electricity demand forecasting depends on many conditions such as climate, calendar effect ( holidays, day of the week, etc.), demographic data, and economic data. Turkey is a relatively large and crowded country, whose population distribution is concentrated in some regions and climatic conditions, population-weighted meteorological data were used as independent variables. Predicting the future is challenging machine learning can help us understand how systems behave by identifying and analyzing patterns in data. Two advanced artificial neural network models were deployed in this study: a deep neural network (DNN) model, and stacked (deep) long short-term memory (LSTM) model. Their outputs provided estimates of hourly electricity consumption compared with the actual data. For this comparison, mean square error (MSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) metrics were used. It was observed that the DNN model predicted more accurately than the stacked LSTM model.
Electricty Demand and Supply Scenario Analysis for Nigeria Using Long Range Energy Alternatives Planning
(Kadir Has Üniversitesi, 2017) İbrahim, Hanif Auwal; Kirkil, Gökhan
Electricity demand and supply forecasts are very important tools for determining solutions to the problems in the electricity sector such as power outages. The Long Range Energy Alternatives Planning (LEAP) energy model was used for this study because of its low data requirements. The forecast for electricity demand and supply for Nigeria was carried out from 2010-2040. Three scenarios were generated which include Business as Usual (BAU) Energy Conservation (EC) and Renewable Energy (REN). The three scenarios were analyzed based on their electricity demand and supplies environmental impact and costs. The BAU scenario assumed that trends in the future will follow past trends. The EC scenario was generated based on efficient usage of electricity and reduction of transmission and distribution losses. in the EC scenario efficient electrical appliances will phase out the non-efficient ones which reduced the electricity demand significantly. On the other hand the REN scenario is based on the concept of harnessing renewable energy resources such as wind solar hydro and biomass for electricity generation. Results of the cost analysis of the three scenarios shows that the most competitive scenario in terms of cost is the EC scenario which has the least capital cost (44.2 billion USD less than the BAU scenario) and fixed costs (15 billion USD less than the BAU scenario) of the three scenarios but has the second largest quantity of Green House Gas (GHG) emissions of 1004.8 million tons of CO2eq. The REN scenario has the least GHG emissions among the three scenarios at 114.79 million tons of CO2eq but is the most expensive scenario to implement because of its high capital (56.3 billion USD more the BAU) and fixed costs (4.1 billion USD more than the BAU scenario). The EC scenario has 28.96 % less carbon emissions than the BAU scenario (1414.5 million tons of CO2eq) and has the least cost among the three scenarios. As a result of the current economic challenge faced by Nigeria and a growing electricity demand the EC scenario is the most realistic and suitable scenario to be implemented among the scenarios that were generated.
The Renewable Energy Transition in Turkey
(Kadir Has Üniversitesi, 2019) Yılmaz, Mesut Can; Ediger, Volkan S.; Kirkil, Gökhan
Energy is an integral part of human life. The energy demand has been increasing for many years. The primary energy source differed over time. Fossil fuels dominated the energy market since 19th century. Overuse of fossil fuels has created serious problems such as climate change. In order to tackle these problems renewable energy source (RES) utilization gained importance in the recent years. With the help of economic and technological improvements, the transition from fossil fuels to renewables has accelerated in recent decades. Many countries have already started to invest in RES instead of fossil fuels. Germany and China have some unique characteristics that can help to reshape Turkey's roadmap to the renewables. Turkey is a developing country with a population of about 80 million. Turkey's energy import dependency is 77%. According to the experts, Turkey has a good potential for RES. Due to its geographical position there is adequate potential of solar, wind, hydro and geothermal. Turkey has an opportunity to utilize its RES potential. If the important steps are taken, RES can become the primary source of Turkey's energy demand and would have positive effects on both the economy and sustainability. Key words: Renewable Energy Transition, Sustainability, Solar, Wind, Climate Change, Carbon Emissions
Importance of Lng in Turkish Natural Gas Supply Security
(Kadir Has Üniversitesi, 2019) Alkan, Mehmet Batuhan; Ediger, Volkan S.; Kirkil, Gökhan
The Natural Gas has been increasing its share of usage day by day due to the technologic developments, low carbon emission, increasing natural gas reserve in the fossil-based energy market. Nowadays, the share of natural gas in the total energy mix is 24%. Hence, the natural gas has been seen as a transaction source because the countries are in the aim of zero carbon emission. LNG is the most increasing product in the natural gas market these days due to shale gas production areas are far away to consumption areas according to this LNG usage has increased. LNG has been increased usage areas of natural gas and secure countries natural gas supply with regard to flexible system integration, easy transportation, and small scale cargos like oil products. Furthermore, LNG is an essential value for Turkish natural gas market. In this study, the importance of LNG in Turkish natural gas supply security has examined. First of all, world natural gas and LNG market have analyzed, and developments and changes on the market have reviewed. Following to this, the Turkish natural gas market has been analyzed and business opportunities which LNG may make and advantages to the market have searched. In the mathematical model, future natural gas consumption, a share of LNG and pipe gas has been forecasted with three different scenarios. According to these forecasts, the determination has made with regard to the storage investments and what has to be done. Finally, what LNG is going to gain to the Turkish market and the importance of LNG in the Turkish natural gas supply is underlined. Keywords: LNG, Natural Gas, Supply Security, importance of LNG