The changing character of the Cyprus problem in Turkish foreign policy: 2004-2020
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2021
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Kadir Has Üniversitesi
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Abstract
ÖZET Annan Planı ve Kıbrıs'ın Avrupa Birliği'ne katılımı, Kıbrıs konusunda Türk siyasi elitinin başlangıçta nasıl bir duruş sergilediğini gösteren önemli gelişmelerdendir. 2010'lu yılların sonlarına doğru gerçekleşen doğalgaz sondaj çalışmaları konuya ek bir boyut katmış ve son on altı yıldır Kıbrıs'a ilişkin Türk Dış Politikasının şekillenmesine katkı sağlamıştır. Türkiye'nin Kıbrıs'a ilişkin Dış Politikası, özellikle Annan Planı ve daha sonra görülen hidrokarbon keşifleri ile Türkiye'nin siyasi elitinin bazı dış "tehditler" doğrultusunda karşılaştığı iç zorluklar gibi bazı olaylar neticesinde önce güvenlik dışılaştırılmış, daha sonra güvenlikleştirilmiştir. Bu tez, bu durumu daha detaylı araştırmayı ve ardında yatabilecek sebepleri belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Tez kapsamında Kopenhag Okulu'nun önemli bir kavramı olan güvenlikleştirme süreci, eleştirel söylem analizi yoluyla analiz edilmiştir. Bu yöntem, Türk siyasi elitinin söylemlerinin iç ve dış gelişmeler ışığında incelenmesine dayandırılmıştır. Bu tezin de gösterdiği gibi, Türkiye'nin Kıbrıs'a ilişkin dış politikası daha çok bölgedeki egemenliğini sağlamlaştırmak ve bir bütün olarak güvenlikleştirilmesi ile ilintilidir. İlgili dış politika aynı zamanda bir güvenlik sorununun Türkiye tarafından "inşası" ve aciliyetinin bir hayatta kalma meselesi olarak görülmesi ile bağlantılıdır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Kopenhag Okulu, güvenlikleştirme, Kıbrıs, Türkiye, dış politika, Annan Planı, hidrokarbon rezervleri, söylem analizi, varoluşsal tehdit, egemenlik
ABSTRACT The Annan Plan and the accession of Cyprus to the European Union are important developments that demonstrate what kind of stance the Turkish political elite initially took regarding the issue in Cyprus. The natural gas drilling activities that came around the end of the 2010s have added an additional dimension to the issue, and have contributed to the shaping of the Turkish Foreign Policy regarding Cyprus over the last sixteen years. Specifically, Turkey's Foreign Policy regarding Cyprus has changed and become de-securitized and later securitized particularly after certain events; namely the Annan Plan and then conversely the discovery of hydrocarbons as well as domestic challenges Turkey's political elite was faced with that are in line with certain external "threats". This thesis aims to explore this issue further and find out why this might be the case. Critical discourse analysis is used to analyze the process of securitization which itself is an important concept of the Copenhagen School. Discourses of Turkish political elite are analyzed in light of domestic and international developments. As the thesis demonstrates, Turkey's Foreign Policy regarding Cyprus has come to be mostly about solidifying its sovereignty and securitization of the region as a whole and is linked to the "construction" of a security issue as well as its urgency by Turkey as a matter of survival. Keywords: Copenhagen School, securitization, Cyprus, Turkey, foreign policy, Annan Plan, hydrocarbon reserves, discourse analysis, existential threat, sovereignty
ABSTRACT The Annan Plan and the accession of Cyprus to the European Union are important developments that demonstrate what kind of stance the Turkish political elite initially took regarding the issue in Cyprus. The natural gas drilling activities that came around the end of the 2010s have added an additional dimension to the issue, and have contributed to the shaping of the Turkish Foreign Policy regarding Cyprus over the last sixteen years. Specifically, Turkey's Foreign Policy regarding Cyprus has changed and become de-securitized and later securitized particularly after certain events; namely the Annan Plan and then conversely the discovery of hydrocarbons as well as domestic challenges Turkey's political elite was faced with that are in line with certain external "threats". This thesis aims to explore this issue further and find out why this might be the case. Critical discourse analysis is used to analyze the process of securitization which itself is an important concept of the Copenhagen School. Discourses of Turkish political elite are analyzed in light of domestic and international developments. As the thesis demonstrates, Turkey's Foreign Policy regarding Cyprus has come to be mostly about solidifying its sovereignty and securitization of the region as a whole and is linked to the "construction" of a security issue as well as its urgency by Turkey as a matter of survival. Keywords: Copenhagen School, securitization, Cyprus, Turkey, foreign policy, Annan Plan, hydrocarbon reserves, discourse analysis, existential threat, sovereignty
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Uluslararası İlişkiler, International Relations