KOBİ'lerde Sürdürülebilir Pazarlama Yönelimini Belirleyici Faktörler ve Firma Performansına Etkilerinin İncelenmesi: Karma Yöntem Araştırması
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2025
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Abstract
Son yıllarda küresel ve çevresel sorunların artması ve paydaş beklentilerinin yükselmesi, küçük ve orta ölçekli işletmeleri (KOBİ'ler) sürdürülebilirliği stratejilerine entegre etmeye zorlamaktadır. Ancak mevcut araştırmaların çoğu büyük ölçekli şirketlere odaklanmış, KOBİ'ler ise yerel ekonomilerdeki merkezi rolleri ve paydaşlarla yakın ilişkilerine rağmen görece ihmal edilmiştir. Bu tez, KOBİ'lerin Sürdürülebilir Pazarlama Yönelimi'ni (SPY) nasıl benimsediğini, hangi örgütsel güdüler ve dışsal baskılarla şekillendiğini ve firma performansına etkilerini incelemektedir. Çalışmada iş etiği ve pazarlama stratejisi literatürü temel alınarak üç güdü tanımlanmıştır: araçsal (çıkar odaklı), ilişkisel (paydaş odaklı) ve ahlaki (etik temelli). SPY; stratejik entegrasyon, toplumsal etkileşim ve etik yeterlikler olmak üzere üç boyutta kavramsallaştırılmıştır. Ayrıca düzenleyici gereklilikler, piyasa beklentileri ve sektör normları gibi dışsal baskılar ile rekabet yoğunluğu, piyasa dalgalanması ve teknolojik yeterlikler gibi bağlamsal faktörler de dikkate alınmıştır. Tez, karma yöntem yaklaşımıyla yürütülmüştür. Nitel aşamada Türkiye'deki KOBİ sahipleri ve yöneticileriyle yapılan görüşmeler, güdüler ve bağlamsal etkileri ortaya koymuştur. Elde edilen bulgular, kavramsal modelin nicel aşamada yapısal eşitlik modellemesi (YEM) ile test edilmesine temel sağlamıştır. Çalışma üç katkı sunmaktadır: KOBİ'lerin pazarlama stratejilerinde güdülerin rolünü ortaya koyarak iş etiği literatürünü genişletmek; SPY ile çok boyutlu performans arasındaki bağı ampirik olarak göstermek; çevresel türbülansı düzenleyici faktör olarak ekleyerek SPY'nin rekabetçiliği destekleme koşullarına dair daha dinamik bir anlayış geliştirmek.
As global environmental challenges intensify and stakeholder expectations rise, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) face growing pressure to embed sustainability into their strategies. While research has focused on large corporations, SMEs remain underexplored despite their vital role in local economies and close stakeholder ties. This dissertation examines how organizational motives and external pressures shape SMEs' adoption of Sustainable Marketing Orientation (SMO), and how SMO influences performance. Drawing on business ethics and marketing strategy literature, three motives—instrumental (self-interest), relational (stakeholder-oriented), and moral (ethics-driven)—are identified as key drivers of SMO. SMO is conceptualized across three dimensions: strategic integration, societal engagement, and ethical capabilities. External influences such as regulatory requirements, market expectations, and industry norms, along with contextual moderators like competitive intensity and technological disruption, are considered in shaping performance outcomes measured through sales, financial, and customer-based indicators. A mixed-method design is employed. The qualitative phase uses interviews with SME owners and managers in Turkey to explore motives and contextual influences. Insights inform the quantitative phase, where survey data are analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) to validate the model. The study makes three contributions. First, it extends business ethics by showing how instrumental, relational, and moral motives inform SME marketing strategies. Second, it empirically links SMO to multidimensional firm performance, addressing a literature gap. Third, it incorporates environmental turbulence as a moderating factor, offering a dynamic view of when SMO enhances competitiveness. These findings advance theory and provide actionable insights for SME managers and policymakers in resource constrained, volatile environments.
As global environmental challenges intensify and stakeholder expectations rise, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) face growing pressure to embed sustainability into their strategies. While research has focused on large corporations, SMEs remain underexplored despite their vital role in local economies and close stakeholder ties. This dissertation examines how organizational motives and external pressures shape SMEs' adoption of Sustainable Marketing Orientation (SMO), and how SMO influences performance. Drawing on business ethics and marketing strategy literature, three motives—instrumental (self-interest), relational (stakeholder-oriented), and moral (ethics-driven)—are identified as key drivers of SMO. SMO is conceptualized across three dimensions: strategic integration, societal engagement, and ethical capabilities. External influences such as regulatory requirements, market expectations, and industry norms, along with contextual moderators like competitive intensity and technological disruption, are considered in shaping performance outcomes measured through sales, financial, and customer-based indicators. A mixed-method design is employed. The qualitative phase uses interviews with SME owners and managers in Turkey to explore motives and contextual influences. Insights inform the quantitative phase, where survey data are analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) to validate the model. The study makes three contributions. First, it extends business ethics by showing how instrumental, relational, and moral motives inform SME marketing strategies. Second, it empirically links SMO to multidimensional firm performance, addressing a literature gap. Third, it incorporates environmental turbulence as a moderating factor, offering a dynamic view of when SMO enhances competitiveness. These findings advance theory and provide actionable insights for SME managers and policymakers in resource constrained, volatile environments.
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İşletme, Business Administration
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Sustainable Development Goals
5
GENDER EQUALITY

8
DECENT WORK AND ECONOMIC GROWTH

9
INDUSTRY, INNOVATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE

10
REDUCED INEQUALITIES
