The renewable energy transition in the United Arab Emirates
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Date
2020
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Kadir Has Üniversitesi
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Abstract
Enerji rejimleri tarih boyunca bir kaynaktan diğerine doğru yer değiştirmiştir. Dünya şu anda fosil yakıtların ağırlıklı olduğu bir rejimden daha sürdürülebilir bir rejime geçiş döneminin ortasındadır. Geçmiş deneyimler, enerji geçişlerinin zor olduğunu ve ciddi çaba gerektirdiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Bugünkü geçiş, bütçe gelirlerinin çoğu hidrokarbon ihracat gelirlerinden oluşan, petrol ve gaz ihraç eden Körfez Arap Ülkeleri İşbirliği Konseyi (KİK) ülkeleri için daha da zor olacaktır, bu ülkelerin iç tüketimi hızla artmakta, ve kaynakları sürekli tükenmektedir. Birleşik Arap Emirlikleri (BAE), Suudi Arabistan ile birlikte enerji rejimi geçişinde KİK'te en başarılı ülkedir. BAE sadece Uluslararası Yenilenebilir Enerji Ajansının (IRENA) daimi ev sahibi olarak değil, aynı zamanda bilimsel araştırma ve geliştirmeyi destekleyen faaliyetler yürüterek, sürdürülebilir yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarına geçişi teşvik ederek özel bir yere sahip olmuştur. Bu çalışma, Scopus veritabanına dayanarak, BAE'de 1988 ve 2018 yılları arasında bibliyometrik analizler yapan yenilenebilir enerji hakkındaki bilimsel çalışmaların ana eğilimlerini incelemektedir. Orta Doğu'da yenilenebilir enerji ile ilgili yayınlanan 1.908 makalenin yaklaşık %48'i BAE'yi ilgilendirirken, bu makalelerin yazarlarının %63'ü de BAE'dedir. Bu çalışma aynı zamanda ülke vatandaşlarının yeşil teknolojiye geçiş konusundaki kabul ve farkındalık düzeylerini ölçütleri birleştiren rastgele bir örnek kullanarak araştırmaktadır. Bu çalışmada üretilen bilgiler, devlet kurumlarının ülkedeki çeşitli güçleri nasıl daha etkin bir şekilde bağladığını anlamalarını, araştırma merkezleri ve enstitülerinin BAE'nin geçişi ile ilgili alanlarda koordine edebilecek stratejik ortaklar bulmasını sağlamaktadır. Bu tez, uluslararası akademik literatürdeki KİK ülkelerinde yenilenebilir enerji kaynakları hakkında mevcut bilgiyi artıracaktır, ancak olguyu ve gelecekteki gelişimini anlamak için daha büyük çaba sarf edilmesi gerekmektedir.
Energy regimes have shifted from one source to another throughout history. The world is currently in the midst of a transitional period from a fossil fuel-dominated regime to a more sustainable one. Past experiences reveal that energy transitions are difficult and require considerable effort. The present-day transition will be even more difficult for the oil and gas-exporting countries of Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) because most of their budget revenues come from hydrocarbon-export income, their domestic consumption is increasing rapidly, and their resources are continuously depleting. The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has been the most successful country in the GCC to transition its energy regime, alongside Saudi Arabia. It has a special place not only by hosting the permanent headquarters of the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) but also by supporting scientific research and development and promoting the shift towards sustainable renewable energy sources (RES). This study investigates the major trends of the scientific studies on renewable energies in the UAE that carried out bibliometric analysis between 1988 and 2018 based on the Scopus database. Around 48% of the 1,908 articles published on renewable energy in the Middle East concern the UAE, while 63% of the author's affiliations of these articles are also in the UAE. This study also investigates the acceptance and awareness level of UAE citizens about the transfer to green technology using a random sample that met the criteria as cohesive. The information produced in this work can be useful for governmental institutions to understand how to more effectively knit together the various strengths in the country, and for research centers and institutes to find strategic partners that can coordinate in areas related to the UAE's transition. This thesis will increase the information available about renewables in GCC countries in the international academic literature, yet more significant efforts need to be made to understand the phenomenon and its future development.
Energy regimes have shifted from one source to another throughout history. The world is currently in the midst of a transitional period from a fossil fuel-dominated regime to a more sustainable one. Past experiences reveal that energy transitions are difficult and require considerable effort. The present-day transition will be even more difficult for the oil and gas-exporting countries of Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) because most of their budget revenues come from hydrocarbon-export income, their domestic consumption is increasing rapidly, and their resources are continuously depleting. The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has been the most successful country in the GCC to transition its energy regime, alongside Saudi Arabia. It has a special place not only by hosting the permanent headquarters of the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) but also by supporting scientific research and development and promoting the shift towards sustainable renewable energy sources (RES). This study investigates the major trends of the scientific studies on renewable energies in the UAE that carried out bibliometric analysis between 1988 and 2018 based on the Scopus database. Around 48% of the 1,908 articles published on renewable energy in the Middle East concern the UAE, while 63% of the author's affiliations of these articles are also in the UAE. This study also investigates the acceptance and awareness level of UAE citizens about the transfer to green technology using a random sample that met the criteria as cohesive. The information produced in this work can be useful for governmental institutions to understand how to more effectively knit together the various strengths in the country, and for research centers and institutes to find strategic partners that can coordinate in areas related to the UAE's transition. This thesis will increase the information available about renewables in GCC countries in the international academic literature, yet more significant efforts need to be made to understand the phenomenon and its future development.
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Enerji, Energy