Europeanization of Turkish foreign policy towards Syria
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Date
2019
Authors
Yenice, Nusrettin
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Kadir Has Üniversitesi
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Abstract
2004 yılı sonu itibariyle, Türkiye'de Avrupa Birliği (AB) koşulsallığına olan güven azalmaya başlayınca, Türkiye'nin AB üyeliğine olan umudu da azalmıştır. Fakat Türkiye AB üyeliğine olan umudunu büyük ölçüde kaybetse de, hem genelde AB'nin Ortak Dış ve Güvenlik Politikasına (ODGP) hem de AB'nin Suriye dış politikasına olan uyumunu korumuştur. 2004'ten sonra bile, Türkiye'nin Suriye'ye yönelik dış politikası AB Konseyi'nin Hariri suikasti, Suriye askerlerinin Lübnan'dan çekilmesi ve Suriye-İsrail barış görüşmelerinin yeniden başlatılması ile ilgili olan sonuç bildirileriyle uyum sağlamıştır. Bu tez, Türkiye'yi hem genelde ODGP müktesebatına hem de AB Konseyi'nin Suriye ile ilgili sonuç bildirilerine uyması için motive eden unsurun, AB üyeliğine olan umuttan ziyade 'AB üyeliğine olan istek' olduğunu iddia eder. Dahası, 2005 sonrasında 'AB üyeliğine olan istek' sadece Türkiye'nin AB Konseyi sonuç bildirilerine uymasını kolaylaştırmamış, Türkiye'yi Suriye iç savaşı sırasında, Suriyeli mülteciler krizi ve Suriye rejimine karşı uygulanan kısıtlayıcı önlemler üzerinden AB ile pazarlık etmeye de itmiştir. Böyle bir pazarlık süreci içinde, Türkiye gücünü bir pazarlık kartı olarak Birliğe olan katılım sürecini ilerletebilmek için AB'ye karşı kullanmıştır. Bu bağlamda, bu tez Türkiye'nin Suriye'ye yönelik dış politikasını 1999 Helsinki Zirvesi'nden itibaren, Suriye iç savaşı dahil, Avrupalılaşma kavramının koşulsallık mekanizması çerçevesi içinde inceler.
As of the end of 2004, when the 'credibility of EU conditionality' began to decrease in Turkey, Turkey's prospect for the European Union (EU) membership decreased. Although Turkey had lost its prospect for EU membership to a large extent, the country maintained its alignment to the CFSP acquis in general as well as in Syria. Even after 2004, Turkish foreign policy towards Syria harmonized with the European Councils conclusions on Syria which related to the Hariri assasination, the withdrawal of Syrian troops from Lebanon and the relaunching of Syria-Israel peace talks. This thesis claims that the motivation for Turkey to align itself with the CFSP aquis in general as well as with the EU Councils conclusions on Syria, was the 'desire for EU membership' rather than the prospect of EU membership. Moreover, after 2005 the 'desire for EU membership' not only facilitated Turkey's alignment to the Councils conclusions but also led Turkey to bargain vis-a-vis with the EU on the Syrian refugee crisis and on the implementation of the restrictive measures against the Syrian regime. In such a bargaining process, Turkey used its power as a bargaining chip vis-a-vis the EU to improve its accession process to the Union. In this context, this thesis examines the Turkish foreign policy towards Syria after the 1999 Helsinki Summit, including Syrian civil war, in the framework of the conditionality mechanism of Europeanization concept.
As of the end of 2004, when the 'credibility of EU conditionality' began to decrease in Turkey, Turkey's prospect for the European Union (EU) membership decreased. Although Turkey had lost its prospect for EU membership to a large extent, the country maintained its alignment to the CFSP acquis in general as well as in Syria. Even after 2004, Turkish foreign policy towards Syria harmonized with the European Councils conclusions on Syria which related to the Hariri assasination, the withdrawal of Syrian troops from Lebanon and the relaunching of Syria-Israel peace talks. This thesis claims that the motivation for Turkey to align itself with the CFSP aquis in general as well as with the EU Councils conclusions on Syria, was the 'desire for EU membership' rather than the prospect of EU membership. Moreover, after 2005 the 'desire for EU membership' not only facilitated Turkey's alignment to the Councils conclusions but also led Turkey to bargain vis-a-vis with the EU on the Syrian refugee crisis and on the implementation of the restrictive measures against the Syrian regime. In such a bargaining process, Turkey used its power as a bargaining chip vis-a-vis the EU to improve its accession process to the Union. In this context, this thesis examines the Turkish foreign policy towards Syria after the 1999 Helsinki Summit, including Syrian civil war, in the framework of the conditionality mechanism of Europeanization concept.
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Siyasal Bilimler, Political Science ; Sosyoloji
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1
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176