Türkiye'de film arşivlerinin gelişim süreci ve çevrimiçi film arşivleme
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2024
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Fiziksel ve kurumsal bir yapı olarak arşiv yalnızca bilgiyi değil, toplumsal hafızayı da tanzim ve tasnif eden bir iktidar alanı olarak karşımıza çıkar. Kendi iktidarını ise bünyesinde sahip olduğu 'katı' belgelere dayandırır. Ancak, geçtiğimiz 40 yılda hayatın her alanında yaşanan dijitalleşme, bilginin erişilebilirliği ve depolama teknolojileriyle birlikte ele alındığında arşiv düşüncesi ve pratikleri de radikal bir dönüşüm sürecine girdiği söylenilebilir. Film arşivleri ise, sinemanın teknolojiyle kurduğu göbek bağı ve dijitalleşmeyle gelen seyircinin de görüntüyle kurduğu ilişkinin değişmesi bağlamlarında düşünüldüğünde, arşiv pratiklerinde yaşanan dönüşümün en görünür olduğu alanlardan biridir. Öte yandan görüntü formatlarında ve seyir deneyiminde dijitalleşmeyle birlikte yaşanan bu dönüşüm, film arşivlerinin ilk oluştuğu dönemden itibaren var olduğunu söyleyebileceğimiz sinefili arketipinin de değişmesine yol açmıştır. Bu çalışma, Türkiye'deki film arşivi meselesini merkezine alarak, arşive dair kavramsal, kökensel ve tarihsel bir soruşturma yapmayı ve günümüzde çeşitli internet uygulamalarının yaygınlaşmasıyla dönüşen çevrimiçi film ve video arşiv pratiklerinin, hareketli görüntü sanatına dair yapılabilecek alternatif tarih okumalarına, üretim, tüketim ve dağıtım olanaklarına sağlayabileceği yeni yöntemlere bir bakış sunmayı hedeflemektedir.
As a physical and institutional structure, the archive has the power of organizing and classifying not only information but also collective memory. It bases its power on the 'solid' documents it possesses. However, in the past 40 years, with the digitalization of all aspects of life, the accessibility of information and the development of storage technologies, it can be said that archival thinking and practices have also undergone a radical transformation. Film archives are one of the areas where the transformation in archival practices is most visible when considered in the context of the umbilical cord that cinema has established with technology and the change in the audience's relationship with the image due to digitalization. On the other hand, this transformation in image formats and viewing experience with digitalization has also led to a change in the archetype of the cinephile, which we can say has existed since the first formation of film archives. Centering on the issue of the film archive in Turkey, this study aims to make a conceptual, originary and historical inquiry into the archive and to offer a glimpse into the alternative historical readings that online film and video archive practices, which have been transformed by the proliferation of various internet applications today, can provide alternative historical readings of moving image art and new methods of production, consumption and distribution possibilities.
As a physical and institutional structure, the archive has the power of organizing and classifying not only information but also collective memory. It bases its power on the 'solid' documents it possesses. However, in the past 40 years, with the digitalization of all aspects of life, the accessibility of information and the development of storage technologies, it can be said that archival thinking and practices have also undergone a radical transformation. Film archives are one of the areas where the transformation in archival practices is most visible when considered in the context of the umbilical cord that cinema has established with technology and the change in the audience's relationship with the image due to digitalization. On the other hand, this transformation in image formats and viewing experience with digitalization has also led to a change in the archetype of the cinephile, which we can say has existed since the first formation of film archives. Centering on the issue of the film archive in Turkey, this study aims to make a conceptual, originary and historical inquiry into the archive and to offer a glimpse into the alternative historical readings that online film and video archive practices, which have been transformed by the proliferation of various internet applications today, can provide alternative historical readings of moving image art and new methods of production, consumption and distribution possibilities.
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Arşiv, Görsel-işitsel arşivler, Archive, Audiovisual archives
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113