İMPARATORLUĞUN “EN UZUN ON YILI”NI YAZMAK: ÖMER SEYFETTİN HİKÂYELERİNDE FARKLI “ON TEMMUZ”LAR
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Date
2014
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Mehmet Dursun ERDEM
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Abstract
Ömer Seyfettin, 36 yıllık kısa yaşantısına yedi ciltlik büyük bir
külliyatı oluşturacak kadar makale ve öykü sığdırmıştır. Seyfettin’in
kısa ama verimli yazarlık yaşamında II. Meşrutiyet’in ilanının (Hicri, 10
Temmuz 1324), ya da bazılarının isimlendirdiği gibi 1908 Devrimi’nin ve
sonrasındaki gelişmelerin büyük etkisi vardır. Ömer Seyfettin’in
1902’de başladığını söyleyebileceğimiz yazarlık yaşantısında ana
malzemelerinden biri; Meşrutiyet, İttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti ve onun
çevresinde dönen düşünce akımları olmuştur. Yazar, önceleri bir asker
sonra ise bir “muharrir” ve “öykücü” olarak hem bu süreçte görev almış
hem de yazdığı makale ve öykülerle bu sürece yön vermiştir. Bu
çalışmada Ömer Seyfettin’in bazı makaleleri ve öyküleri seçilerek,
1908’de ilan edilen Meşrutiyet’e, İttihat ve Terakki’ye ve İttihatçılara
ilişkin görüşleri irdelenmiş ve bu görüşlerin ardındaki dinamikler ortaya
konmaya çalışılmıştır. Meşrutiyetin ilanı sonrasındaki sıcak günleri
Rumeli’de bir asker olarak yaşayan Ömer Seyfettin’in askerlikten
ayrılarak Selanik’e gelmesiyle İttihat ve Terakki’yle olan ilişkisinin de
kuvvetlendiği görülmektedir. Özelikle “Yeni Lisan” hareketinin
teorisyenlerinden biri olarak Genç Kalemler dergisinin önemli
isimlerinden biri olan yazar, bu dergi vesilesiyle sunduğu katkılarla da
Cemiyet’in 1908 sonrası kültürel programının oluşmasında söz sahibi
olmuştur. Ancak Seyfettin’in Meşrutiyet’e, İttihat ve Terakki’ye ve
İttihatçılığa bakışının değişmeden kaldığı, her zaman Parti’nin
ideallerini paylaştığı ve desteklediği söylenemez. Bu çalışma
kapsamında çeşitli dönemde yazdığı makalelere ve öykülere
baktığımızda yazarın kimi zaman İttihatçıları ve ideallerini ateşli bir
biçimde savunduğu, kimi zaman da değişen konjonktürle birlikte onları
şiddetli bir biçimde eleştirdiği görülmektedir. Elbette, 1908’den 1918’e
kadar, Osmanlı imparatorluğunun belki de “en uzun 10 yılı”nı
şekillendiren İttihat ve Terakki’nin, bütünlüklü “tek” bir hikâyesini
anlatmak mümkün değildir. Ömer Seyfettin’in makaleleri ve öyküleriyle
kendisini gösteren değişken tavrı da bunun bir göstergesi olarak
değerlendirilebilir.
Ömer Seyfettin managed to fit into his 36 year life a large corpus of stories and essays running to 7 volumes. The second proclamation of the Meşrutiyet (Constitution) in 1908 (the 10th of July, 1324 according to the Muslim calender), also called the Revolution of 1908 by some historians, and the period following this proclamation had a huge impact on Seyfettin. A main focus of Seyfettin, who started to write around 1902, was the Second Constitutional Era (II. Meşrutiyet), the Committee of Union and Progress (CUP), the Unionists and the ideas evolving around these. Ömer Seyfettin first as a soldier, and later as a “columnist” and a “storyteller”, played a part in this process and also gave it direction through his essays and stories. In this study, some of Ömer Seyfettin’s selected stories and essays are used to analyse, and to understand the dynamics behind his ideas about the Constitution era, the CUP and the Unionists. It is observed that Seyfettin, who was a soldier in Rumelia after the proclamation of the Meşrutiyet, strengthened his relations with the CUP after leaving the military and coming to Salonica. He was especially influential in the formation of the culture programme of the Committee after 1908 through being one of the theorists of the “New Language” movement and through his contributions to the journal Genç Kalemler. However, it cannot be said that his ideas about the Constitution era, the CUP and the Unionists stayed the same through the whole period, nor did he support the Unionists’ ideals all the time. Looking at the essays and stories he wrote in different periods one can conclude that sometimes he is an enthusiastic supporter of the Unionists and at other times he violently criticizes them depending on circumstances. Certainly, it is not possible to narrate in a single story the multifaceted CUP which shaped the “longest 10 years” of the Ottoman Empire from 1908 to 1918. Seyfettin’s articles and short stories and his changing attitudes may be taken to be a reflection of this.
Ömer Seyfettin managed to fit into his 36 year life a large corpus of stories and essays running to 7 volumes. The second proclamation of the Meşrutiyet (Constitution) in 1908 (the 10th of July, 1324 according to the Muslim calender), also called the Revolution of 1908 by some historians, and the period following this proclamation had a huge impact on Seyfettin. A main focus of Seyfettin, who started to write around 1902, was the Second Constitutional Era (II. Meşrutiyet), the Committee of Union and Progress (CUP), the Unionists and the ideas evolving around these. Ömer Seyfettin first as a soldier, and later as a “columnist” and a “storyteller”, played a part in this process and also gave it direction through his essays and stories. In this study, some of Ömer Seyfettin’s selected stories and essays are used to analyse, and to understand the dynamics behind his ideas about the Constitution era, the CUP and the Unionists. It is observed that Seyfettin, who was a soldier in Rumelia after the proclamation of the Meşrutiyet, strengthened his relations with the CUP after leaving the military and coming to Salonica. He was especially influential in the formation of the culture programme of the Committee after 1908 through being one of the theorists of the “New Language” movement and through his contributions to the journal Genç Kalemler. However, it cannot be said that his ideas about the Constitution era, the CUP and the Unionists stayed the same through the whole period, nor did he support the Unionists’ ideals all the time. Looking at the essays and stories he wrote in different periods one can conclude that sometimes he is an enthusiastic supporter of the Unionists and at other times he violently criticizes them depending on circumstances. Certainly, it is not possible to narrate in a single story the multifaceted CUP which shaped the “longest 10 years” of the Ottoman Empire from 1908 to 1918. Seyfettin’s articles and short stories and his changing attitudes may be taken to be a reflection of this.
Description
Keywords
Ömer Seyfettin, II. Meşrutiyet Dönemi, 1908 Devrimi, İttihatçılar, İttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti, Second Constitutional Era, Revolution of 1908, Unionists, Committee of Union and Progress (CUP)
Turkish CoHE Thesis Center URL
Fields of Science
Citation
1
WoS Q
N/A
Scopus Q
N/A
Source
Volume
9
Issue
12
Start Page
665
End Page
683