Energy in Turkey and Russia's Roller-Coaster Relationship

Abstract

Energy relations between Turkey and Russia provide an excellent example of how energy and politics interrelate in countries with a historically up-and-down relationship. Having started in the 1960s the two countries' energy relations gained a new dimension after 1991 with the intensification of pipeline politics. In the 2000s energy relations gained impetus owing to the leadership of Erdogan and Putin and reached an apex with the establishment of a cooperation council in 2010. Since 2011 Turkey's demands for gas price reduction and volume increase have dominated the agenda of the countries' energy talks. While Turkish-Russian relations have remained on shaky ground lately the signing of the Turkish Stream agreement in 2016 might be perceived as a positive step for closer energy relations.